Alexander Tudor-Hart

Alexander Ethan Tudor-Hart (born Hart; 3 September 1901 – 1992) was a British doctor in South Wales who was active in the Communist Party of Great Britain. He was the great grandson of American merchant Frederic Tudor and father of Dr Julian Tudor-Hart.

He was born in Florence, Italy in 1901, the son of the Canadian artist (Ernest) Percyval Hart and his first wife, Éléonora Délia Julie Aimée Hart (née Kleczkowska), his cousin from Paris. Alexander had a younger sister Helena Beatrix, born in 1903. His father was born in Montreal to Frederick Levey L'Estrange Hart and Eleanora Elizabeth Tudor. The family was descended from Ephraim Hart, a Bavarian Jew who became a prominent merchant in New York, and was reportedly partners with John Jacob Astor. The name was originally Hirz.

Percyval was the grandson of the successful American businessman Frederic Tudor. He and his brother William Owen Tudor-Hart DSO both changed their surname to Tudor-Hart in adulthood, possibly to strengthen their ties to the Tudor name. Their parents were divorced owing to their father being a "constant and habitual frequenter of houses of ill-fame" in Montreal. Percyval's first wife (Alexander's mother) was the daughter of his aunt Euphemia "Effie" Tudor-Kleczkowska, who had married the Polish-French diplomat Michel Alexandre Cholewa, comte Kleczkowski (Michał Kleczkowski; 1818–1886). Kleczkowski was the only son of Count Joseph Kleczkowski and Julie Sobieska, a direct descendent of John III Sobieski, king of Poland in the 17th century.

Alexander studied at Cambridge University under John Maynard Keynes. Later he studied orthopaedics in Vienna under the surgeon Lorenz Böhler. He worked at Booth Hall Children’s Hospital, St. Mary Abbott’s Hospital, Hampstead General Hospital, and as a general practitioner in Llanelli, Brixton and Colliers Wood.

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