Albuterol
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Salbutamol (top),
(R)-(−)-salbutamol (center) and (S)-(+)-salbutamol (bottom) |
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Ventolin, Proventil, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| License data | |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration |
by mouth, inhalational, IV |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Liver |
| Onset of action | <15 min (inhaled), <30 min (pill) |
| Biological half-life | 3.8–6 hours |
| Duration of action | 2–6 hrs |
| Excretion | Kidney |
| Identifiers | |
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| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| IUPHAR/BPS | |
| DrugBank | |
| ChemSpider | |
| UNII | |
| KEGG | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.038.552 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C13H21NO3 |
| Molar mass | 239.311 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | |
| Chirality | Racemic mixture |
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  (what is this?)
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Salbutamol, also known as albuterol and marketed as Ventolin among other names, is a medication that opens up the medium and large airways in the lungs. It is used to treat asthma, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It may also be used to treat high blood potassium levels. It is usually used by inhaler or nebulizer but is also available as a pill and intravenous solution. Onset of action of the inhaled version is typically within 15 minutes and lasts for two to six hours.
Common side effects include shakiness, headache, fast heart rate, dizziness, and feeling anxious. Serious side effects may include worsening bronchospasm, irregular heartbeat, and low blood potassium levels. It can be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but safety is not entirely clear. Salbutamol is a short-acting β2 adrenergic receptor agonist which works by causing airway smooth muscles to relax.
Salbutamol was first made in 1967 in Britain. It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1982. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. It is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost in the developing world of an inhaler which contains 200 doses is between $1.12 and $2.64 (USD) as of 2014. In the United States it is between $25 and $50 for a typical month supply.
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Wikipedia