Alberto Moravia

Alberto Moravia
Moravia in 1960
Born	Alberto Pincherle (1907-11-28)November 28, 1907 Rome, Italy
Died	September 26, 1990(1990-09-26) (aged 82) Rome, Italy
Resting place	Campo Verano, Rome
Pen name	Alberto Moravia
Occupation	Novelist, journalist, playwright, essayist, film critic
Nationality	Italian
Notable works	Gli indifferenti (Time of Indifference, 1929) Il conformista (The Conformist, 1947) Racconti romani (Roman Tales, 1954) La ciociara (Two Women, 1957)
Notable awards	Strega Prize (1952) Premio Marzotto (1957) Viareggio Prize (1961) Premio Mondello (1982)
Spouse	Elsa Morante (1941–1962) Carmen Llera (1984–his death)
Partner	Dacia Maraini (1962–1978)

Alberto Moravia (Italian pronunciation: [alˈbɛrto moˈraːvja]; November 28, 1907 – September 26, 1990), born Alberto Pincherle, was an Italian novelist and journalist. His novels explored matters of modern sexuality, social alienation and existentialism. Moravia is best known for his debut novel Gli indifferenti (1929) and for the anti-fascist novel Il Conformista (The Conformist), the basis for the film The Conformist (1970) directed by Bernardo Bertolucci. Other novels of his adapted for the cinema are Agostino, filmed with the same title by Mauro Bolognini in 1962; Il disprezzo (A Ghost at Noon or Contempt), filmed by Jean-Luc Godard as Le Mépris (Contempt 1963); La Noia (Boredom), filmed with that title by Damiano Damiani in 1963 and released in the US as The Empty Canvas in 1964 and La ciociara, filmed by Vittorio de Sica as Two Women (1960). Cedric Kahn's L'Ennui (1998) is another version of La Noia.

Moravia once remarked that the most important facts of his life had been his illness, a tubercular infection of the bones that confined him to a bed for five years and Fascism, because they both caused him to suffer and do things he otherwise would not have done. "It is what we are forced to do that forms our character, not what we do of our own free will." Moravia was an atheist. His writing was marked by its factual, cold, precise style, often depicting the malaise of the bourgeoisie. It was rooted in the tradition of nineteenth-century narrative, underpinned by high social and cultural awareness. In his world, where inherited social, religious and moral beliefs were no longer acceptable, he considered sex and money the only criteria for judging social and human reality. Moravia believed that writers must, if they were to represent reality, "assume a moral position, a clearly conceived political, social, and philosophical attitude" but also that, ultimately, "A writer survives in spite of his beliefs". Between 1959 and 1962 Moravia was president of PEN International, the worldwide association of writers.