Aed Finliath
| Áed Findliath | |
|---|---|
| High King of Ireland | |
| Reign | 862–879 |
| Predecessor | Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid |
| Successor | Flann Sinna |
| Died | 20 November 879 Druim Inasclainn, County Louth |
| Burial | Armagh or Dromiskin |
| Spouse |
Gormlaith Rapach Land ingen Dúngaile Máel Muire ingen Cináeda |
| Issue |
Domnall Niall Glúndub |
| House | Cenél nEógain |
| Father | Niall Caille |
| Mother | Gormflaith ingen Donnchada |
Áed mac Neíll (died 879), called Áed Findliath (Áed the Fair Warrior) to distinguish him from his paternal grandfather Áed Oirdnide, was king of Ailech and High King of Ireland. A member of the northern Uí Néill kindred of the Cenél nEógain, Áed was the son of Niall Caille.
From the death of Áed Allán in 743 until the overthrow of Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill by Brian Boru in 1002, the succession to the High Kingship of Ireland alternated between northern and southern branches of the Uí Néill with the north represented by members of the Cenél nÉogain, Áed's paternal kindred, and the south by the Clann Cholmáin, his mother's kin.Francis John Byrne describes this as "a fragile convention, marked by watchful jealousy rather than friendly accord."
During the reign of Máel Sechnaill mac Maíl Ruanaid, who succeeded Áed's father as High King, the balance of power between north and south which had ensured the alternating succession appeared to be tipping in favour of the southern Clann Cholmáin kindred. The weakness of the Kings of Munster following the death of the powerful Feidlimid mac Crimthainn in 847 led to repeated attacks on Munster by Máel Sechnaill in the 850s and a submission by the kings of Munster in 858. In 859, Osraige was made subject to the Uí Néill, and this led to open warfare between Máel Sechnaill and Áed.
Áed was the son of Niall Caille and Gormlaith. His mother, Gormflaith ingen Donncadha, is called "Gormlaith of the dazzling white complexion" by the Banshenchas. His maternal grandfather was Donnchad Midi, his paternal grandfather Áed Oirdnide. His father, his mother's brother, Conchobar mac Donnchada, and both of his grandfathers had been counted as High Kings of Ireland.
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