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Adriamycin

Doxorubicin
Doxorubicin2DCSD.svg
Doxorubicin 3D ball.png
Clinical data
Pronunciation /ˌdɒksəˈrbsɪn/
Trade names Adriamycin, Doxil, Caelyx, Myocet, others
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a682221
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: D
  • US: D (Evidence of risk)
Routes of
administration
intravenous, intravesical
ATC code L01DB01 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 5% (by mouth)
Protein binding 75%
Metabolism Liver
Biological half-life Triphasic; 12 minutes, 3.3 hours, 30 hours. Mean: 1-3 hours
Excretion Urine (5-12%), faeces (40-50%)
Identifiers
CAS Number 23214-92-8 YesY
PubChem (CID) 31703
IUPHAR/BPS 7069
DrugBank DB00997 YesY
ChemSpider 29400 YesY
UNII 80168379AG YesY
KEGG D03899 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:28748 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL53463 N
ECHA InfoCard 100.041.344
Chemical and physical data
Formula C27H29NO11
Molar mass 543.52 g/mol
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
 NYesY (what is this?)  

Doxorubicin, sold under the trade names Adriamycin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. This includes breast cancer, bladder cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, and acute lymphocytic leukemia. It is often used together with other chemotherapy agents. Doxorubicin is given by injection into a vein.

Common side effects include hair loss, bone marrow suppression, vomiting, rash, and inflammation of the mouth. Other serious side effects may include allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis, heart damage, tissue damage at the site of injection, radiation recall, and treatment-related leukemia. People often experience red discoloration of the urine for a few days. Doxorubicin is in the anthracycline and antitumor antibiotic family of medications. Its works in part by interfering with the function of DNA.

Doxorubicin was approved for medical use in the United States in 1974. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 3.88 to 32.79 USD per 50 mg vial. In the United Kingdom this amount costs the NHS about 92.70 pounds. Versions that are pegylated and in liposomes are also avaliable; however, are more expensive. Doxorubicin was originally made from the bacteria Streptomyces peucetius.


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