Adolphe Landry
| Michel Auguste Adolphe Landry | |
|---|---|
Landry in 1917
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| Minister of the Navy | |
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In office 24 September 1920 – 14 January 1921 |
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| Preceded by | Georges Leygues |
| Succeeded by | Gabriel Guist'hau |
| Minister of Public Education | |
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In office 9 June 1924 – 10 June 1924 |
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| Preceded by | Henry de Jouvenel |
| Succeeded by | François Albert |
| Minister of Labor and Social Security | |
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In office 17 January 1931 – 16 February 1932 |
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| Preceded by | Édouard Grinda |
| Succeeded by | Pierre Laval |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
29 September 1874 Ajaccio, Corsica |
| Died | 30 August 1956 (aged 81) Paris, France |
| Nationality | French |
| Occupation | Professor |
Michel Auguste Adolphe Landry (29 September 1874 – 30 August 1956) was a French demographer and politician. He was deputy and then senator for Corsica between 1910 and 1955. He was Minister of the Navy from 1920 to 1921, Minister of Public Education for two days in June 1924 and Minister of Labor and Social Security from 1931 to 1932. He was the author of several books on economics and demographics. He saw that countries like France had moved from an age of high birth rates and high mortality, with the size of the population determined by the amount of food available, through a transition period to an age of low birth rates and long lives. The population might actually shrink unless the government took steps to encourage larger families.
Michel Auguste Adolphe Landry was born on 29 September 1874 in Ajaccio, Corsica, to an old Corsican family. He had one brother, who became director of the French Institute in Florence, and three sisters. One of them, Marguerite Pichon-Landry, became president of the National Council of French Women (Conseil National des femmes françaises). He attended secondary school in Nîmes, where his father was president of the tribunal, then at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand. He was admitted to the École Normale Supérieure, where he gained an agrégation de philosophie, which qualified him as an associate professor in philosophy.
Landry moved to Toulouse, where he married in 1897. They had two children. He then turned to the law, which he studied at the Sorbonne. In his 1901 thesis on the social utility of private property Landry presented the work of Karl Marx as an important achievement, but one that could be corrected and improved. He condemned capitalism and its obsession with profit, and saw value in a form of socialism that incorporated marginalism and liberalism. This thesis drew considerable comment, much of it hostile. In 1904 he published L'intérêt du capital, followed by various other works on economics, the history of art, political sociology and so on. In 1907 he was appointed to the chair of economic history at the École pratique des hautes études.
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