Adnexal mass

Adnexal mass
Classification and external resources
ICD-9-CM	620.9 789.3 625.8
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An adnexal mass is a lump in tissue of the adnexa of uterus (structures closely related structurally and functionally to the uterus such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or any of the surrounding connective tissue). Adnexal masses can be benign or cancerous, and they can be categorized as simple or complex. One of the most important factors used to determine the clinical suspicion of malignancy of an adnexal mass is the sonographic appearance of the mass. Indications that the mass is at a higher risk of being malignant include: presence of loculations, nodules, papillary structures, septations, size greater than 10 cm.

In premenopausal women, adnexal masses include ovarian cysts, ectopic (tubal) pregnancies, benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous) tumors, endometriomas, polycystic ovaries, and tubo-ovarian abscess. In females of reproductive age, adnexal masses can be physiologic or complex masses. Most common causes for adnexal masses in premenopausal women are follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts. Abscesses can form as a complication of pelvic inflammatory disease.

Other masses include endometriomas, polycystic ovaries, and benign neoplasms.

In postmenopausal women, adnexal masses may be caused by cancer, fibroids, fibromas, diverticular abscess.

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