Pope Pope Pius XI |
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Bishop of Rome | |
Pius XI in 1930
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Papacy began | 6 February 1922 |
Papacy ended | 10 February 1939 |
Predecessor | Benedict XV |
Successor | Pius XII |
Orders | |
Ordination | 20 December 1879 by Raffaele Monaco La Valletta |
Consecration | 28 October 1919 by Aleksander Kakowski |
Created Cardinal | 13 June 1921 by Benedict XV |
Personal details | |
Birth name | Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti |
Born |
Desio, Lombardy-Venetia, Austrian Empire |
31 May 1857
Died | 10 February 1939 Apostolic Palace, Vatican City |
(aged 81)
Previous post |
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Motto |
Raptim Transit (It goes by swiftly Job 6:15) Pax Christi in Regno Christi (The Peace of Christ in the Realm of Christ) |
Signature | |
Coat of arms | |
Ordination history of Pope Pius XI |
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Papal styles of Pope Pius XI |
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Reference style | His Holiness |
Spoken style | Your Holiness |
Religious style | Holy Father |
Posthumous style | None |
Pope Pius XI, (Italian: Pio XI) born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (Italian pronunciation: [amˈbrɔ:dʒo daˈmja:no aˈkille ˈratti]; 31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), reigned as Pope from 6 February 1922 to his death in 1939. He was the first sovereign of Vatican City from its creation as an independent state on 11 February 1929. He took as his papal motto, "Pax Christi in Regno Christi," translated "The Peace of Christ in the Kingdom of Christ."
Pius XI issued numerous encyclicals, including Quadragesimo anno on the 40th anniversary of Pope Leo XIII's groundbreaking social encyclical Rerum novarum, highlighting the capitalistic greed of international finance, the dangers of socialism/communism, and social justice issues, and Quas primas, establishing the feast of Christ the King in response to anti-clericalism. The encyclical Studiorum ducem, promulgated 29 June 1923, was written on the occasion of the 6th centenary of the canonization of Thomas Aquinas, whose thought is acclaimed as central to Catholic philosophy and theology. The encyclical also singles out the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum as the preeminent institution for the teaching of Aquinas: "ante omnia Pontificium Collegium Angelicum, ubi Thomam tamquam domi suae habitare dixeris" (before all others the Pontifical Angelicum College, where Thomas can be said to dwell).