A Collection of Beatles Oldies (subtitled But Goldies!) is a compilation album by the English rock band the Beatles. Issued in the United Kingdom in December 1966, it features hit singles and other songs released by the group between 1963 and 1966. The compilation served as a stopgap release to satisfy EMI's demand for product during the Christmas period, since the Beatles had only begun the recording for their new studio album, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, late the previous month. The album was the band's first official greatest hits collection.

A Collection of Beatles Oldies peaked at number 7 on the UK Albums Chart. It was also released in some other European countries and in Australia. The album was deleted from the Beatles' catalogue following the reissue of their albums on compact disc in 1987.

After completing their 1966 world tour in San Francisco on 29 August, the four members of the Beatles took a break from group activities for the next three months.John Lennon went to Almería in Spain to film a role in the comedy How I Won the War, while George Harrison travelled to India to further his sitar studies under the Indian classical musician Ravi Shankar.Ringo Starr spent time at home with his wife and child before briefly joining Lennon in Spain.Paul McCartney attended cultural events in London, worked on the film score to The Family Way with producer George Martin, and then holidayed in Europe and Kenya with Mal Evans, one of the Beatles' assistants. By early November, rumours in the press claimed that the group were breaking up, and alternatively, that they were to sever ties with their longtime manager, Brian Epstein, and instead be represented by Allen Klein. Fans of the band were disappointed by the announcement that the Beatles were not playing any UK shows over the Christmas period, and demonstrated in front of Epstein's home in central London.

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