83-42
83-42 is the name for a small patch of rock, above sea level, located in the Arctic Ocean, which if confirmed may be the northernmost permanent point of land on Earth. It is also sometimes referred to as Eklipse 0 or Schmitt’s Island, after its discoverer, Dennis Schmitt.
It is 35 by 15 metres (115 by 49 ft) in length and width, and it lies at 83°42′05.2″N 30°38′49.4″W / 83.701444°N 30.647056°WCoordinates: 83°42′05.2″N 30°38′49.4″W / 83.701444°N 30.647056°W, which is 699.8 kilometres (434.8 mi) from the North Pole. Discovered in 1998, it is 4 metres (13 ft) high, and lichens were found growing on it, suggesting it was not one of the temporary gravel bars commonly found in that region.
The island was discovered on 6 July 2003 by an American expedition. This expedition was led by Dennis Schmitt and Frank Landsberger. Based on the latitude, the expedition members who discovered the body gave it the unofficial name 83-42. The island is also called Schmitt's Island. To be recognized as land area it is required that the area permanently rises out of the water, even at high tide. Given its very small size, it is doubtful whether 83-42 has this property. According to its discoverer 83-42 is composed of rocks and boulders, a relatively resistant material, and is not just a fleeting sand and gravel bank. The height of about four metres (13 feet) above the water surface could indicate that 83-42 is a permanent island is given the weak tidal effect in the Arctic Ocean. As of November 2007, however, the island was not recognized as land area.
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