5th Mechanised Corps (Soviet Union)

5th Mechanised Corps
Active	1st formation: 1934–1938 2nd formation: 1940–1941 3rd formation: 1942–1944
Country	Soviet Union
Branch	Red Army
Type	Mechanised corps
Engagements	World War II Battle of Smolensk (1941) Operation Little Saturn Operation Gallop Battle of Smolensk (1943) Dnieper–Carpathian Offensive Jassy–Kishinev Offensive
Battle honours	Named for Kalinovsky (1st formation) Dniester (3rd formation) Rymnik (3rd formation)
Commanders
Notable commanders	Mikhail Petrov Makar Terekhin Ilya Alekseyenko

The 5th Mechanised Corps was a mechanised corps of the Red Army, formed on three occasions. It was first formed in 1934 and was converted into the 15th Tank Corps in 1938. It was reformed in the Far East in 1940 and moved west before the German invasion of the Soviet Union. It fought in the First Battle of Smolensk, losing large numbers of tanks in the Lepel counterattack. The corps was encircled in the Smolensk pocket and after breaking out was disbanded in late August 1941. Its third formation, from elements of the 22nd Tank Corps, occurred in September 1942. The corps fought in: Operation Little Saturn, Operation Gallop, the Second Battle of Smolensk, the Dnieper–Carpathian Offensive, and the Jassy–Kishinev Offensive. In September 1944, it became the 9th Guards Mechanised Corps.

The 5th Mechanised Corps was formed in 1934 at Naro-Fominsk from the 1st Mechanised Brigade and the 50th Rifle Division in the Moscow Military District, commanded by Komdiv Nikolai Rakitin. On 11 June the corps was given the honorific "named for Kalinovsky" in honor of Konstantin Kalinovsky, a Soviet military theorist. The corps included the 13th Mechanised Brigade at Kaluga, the 14th Mechanised Brigade at Naro-Fominsk, and the 50th Rifle and Machine Gun Brigade at Stalinogorsk.