37th Army (Soviet Union)

37th Army (1941–1946) 10th Mechanized Army (1946–1947)
Active	10 August – 15 November 1941 25 September 1941 – 1947
Country	Soviet Union
Branch	Red Army
Size	Army
Engagements	Battle of Kiev (1941) Barvenkovo-Lozovaya Offensive North Caucasian Strategic Offensive Odessa Offensive Jassy–Kishinev Offensive (August 1944)
Disbanded	1947
Commanders
Notable commanders	Andrey Vlasov

The 37th Army was an Army-level formation of the Soviet Union during the Second World War. The army was formed twice during the war. The army was part of the Southern Group of Forces in Romania and Bulgaria.

The first formation was created on 10 August 1941 in the Southwestern Front with the command group from the Kiev Fortified Region and other reserves in front reserves.

Upon formation the army took up defensive positions to the west of Kiev and on the left bank of the Dnieper River. During the defense of Kiev the army suffered serious losses against superior German forces. The army was surrounded in the city of Kiev and was ordered to break out on 19 September. Individual units of the army were able to break out and joined forces with the front. Many of the other units of the army were destroyed. The army was disbanded on 25 September 1941.

The army had the following units assigned when formed:

The army was reformed on 15 November 1941 in the Southern Front for a counterattack in the Rostov area against the German 1st Panzer Army. These actions facilitated the 9th and 56th Armies liberation of Rostov-on-Don. The army took part in the Barvenkovo-Lozovaya Offensive from 18–31 January 1942 with the goal of destroying the German Army in southern Ukraine.

The army conducted defensive operations during the summer and fall of 1942 in reaction to German operations in the Southern Soviet Union. The army was transferred from the Southern Front to the Don Group of the North Caucasian Front (I Formation) in late July and then the Transcaucasian Front in August 1942.

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