301st Cavalry Regiment (United States)

301st Cavalry Regiment
Coat of Arms of the 301st Cavalry Regiment
Active	February–August 1918 1921–1942
Country	United States
Branch	United States Army
Type	Cavalry
Part of	61st Cavalry Division (1921–1942)
Garrison/HQ	Rochester, New York (1929–1942)
Motto(s)	"Fort Et Loyal" (Strong and Loyal)
Commanders
Notable commanders	William J. Donovan
Insignia
Distinctive Unit Insignia

The 301st Cavalry Regiment was a cavalry unit of the United States Army during World War I and the interwar period. It was activated in early 1918 but broken up in the middle of the year to form new artillery units. The unit was recreated as a New York Organized Reserve unit during the interwar period, and was converted into a signal aircraft warning regiment after the United States entered World War II.

Shortly after the United States entered World War I, the regiment was constituted in the National Army on 18 May 1917, and organized on 3 February 1918 at Camp Fremont. However, it was broken up on 27 August and its men were used to create the 46th and 47th Field Artillery Regiments, and the 16th Trench Mortar Battery. All three artillery units were demobilized on 15 February 1919 at Camp Kearny.

On 15 October 1921, the 46th and 47th Field Artillery and the 16th Trench Mortar Battery were reconstituted in the Organized Reserve as the 301st Cavalry Regiment, part of the 61st Cavalry Division in the Second Corps Area. The 301st was initiated (activated) on 15 October with regimental headquarters at Syracuse, 1st Squadron at Rochester, and 2nd Squadron at Utica. The regiment joined the division's 151st Cavalry Brigade. From 1 March 1922 to 19 June 1925, the regiment was commanded by Colonel William J. Donovan, the future head of the Office of Strategic Services. The headquarters was relocated to Buffalo in November 1924 and to Rochester in April 1929. On 25 August 1928, the 2nd Squadron moved to Buffalo, and on 2 July 1929 the regiment added a new 3rd Squadron at Buffalo.