The 2017–18 season is the 132nd in the history of Luton Town Football Club, a professional association football club based in Luton, Bedfordshire, England. Their fourth-place finish in 2016–17 and defeat to Blackpool in the play-offs means it is the club's fourth consecutive season in League Two and 92nd season in the English Football League. The season runs from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2018.

The 2016–17 season was Nathan Jones' first full season as manager of Luton Town, having been appointed in January 2016. Luton finished in fourth-place in the 2016–17 League Two table, having spent only one week of the season outside the top seven positions. This meant they reached the play-offs, and were beaten 6–5 on aggregate by Blackpool in the play-off semi-final, with the tie decided in the fifth minute of stoppage time by an own goal from goalkeeper Stuart Moore, who was on loan from Reading.

At the end of the 2016–17 season, Luton released Stephen O'Donnell, Danny Green, Zane Banton, Craig Mackail-Smith and Liam Gooch.Jonathan Smith, Josh McQuoid and Jake Gray were placed on the transfer list, with the latter signing for Yeovil Town for an undisclosed fee.Cameron McGeehan and Jack Marriott were sold to Championship and League One clubs Barnsley and Peterborough United respectively for undisclosed fees.Dan Potts was retained with a new one-year contract, while Craig King rejected a new contract in favour of dropping into non-League.James Justin signed a new three-year contract after Luton rejected a reported seven-figure bid from Championship club Nottingham Forest, while midfielder Pelly Ruddock Mpanzu extended his own contract at the club until 2020. Luton made eight summer signings, including goalkeepers Marek Štěch from Sparta Prague,James Shea from AFC Wimbledon, Harry Isted from Stoke City,defender Jack Stacey from Reading,midfielders Alan McCormack from Brentford,Andrew Shinnie on loan from Birmingham City, and strikers James Collins from Crawley Town, and Elliot Lee from Barnsley.