The 2001–02 NBA season was the Bucks' 34th season in the National Basketball Association. During the offseason, the Bucks signed free agent Anthony Mason to shore up their front line. After advancing to the Eastern Conference Finals last year, the Bucks got off to a solid start winning nine of their first ten games, then posted an 8-game winning streak with a Division-leading record of 26–13 as of January 21. Scoring leader Ray Allen was selected for the 2002 NBA All-Star Game. At midseason, the team signed free agent Greg Anthony, who was released by the Chicago Bulls. However, with a 35–25 record as of March 6, the Bucks would struggle and proceed to lose 16 of their final 22 games and miss the playoffs, finishing fifth in the Central Division with a 41–41 record. This was one of the biggest late-season collapses for a team that was contending for a Division title in March. Following the season, Glenn Robinson was traded to the Atlanta Hawks, and Anthony retired.

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