2-arachidonylglycerol

2-Arachidonoylglycerol

Names
IUPAC name 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propanyl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoate
Other names 2-AG, 2-arachidonoylglycerol
Identifiers
CAS Number	53847-30-6 N
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:52392 Y
ChemSpider	4445451 Y
IUPHAR/BPS	729
PubChem CID	5282280
InChI InChI=1S/C23H38O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-23(26)27-22(20-24)21-25/h6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16,22,24-25H,2-5,8,11,14,17-21H2,1H3/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15- Y Key: RCRCTBLIHCHWDZ-DOFZRALJSA-N Y InChI=1/C23H38O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-23(26)27-22(20-24)21-25/h6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16,22,24-25H,2-5,8,11,14,17-21H2,1H3/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15- Key: RCRCTBLIHCHWDZ-DOFZRALJBN
SMILES O=C(OC(CO)CO)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC
Properties
Chemical formula	C23H38O4
Molar mass	378.3 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is an endocannabinoid, an endogenous agonist of the CB₁ receptor. It is an ester formed from the omega-6 fatty acid arachidonic acid and glycerol. It is present at relatively high levels in the central nervous system, with cannabinoid neuromodulatory effects. It has been found in maternal bovine and human milk. The chemical was first described in 1994-1995, although it had been discovered some time before that. The activities of Phospholipase C (PLC) and diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) mediate its formation. 2-AG is synthesized from arachidonic acid-containing diacylglycerol (DAG).

2-AG, unlike anandamide (another endocannabinoid), is present at relatively high levels in the central nervous system; it is the most abundant molecular species of monoacylglycerol found in mouse and rat brain (~5-10 nmol/g tissue). Detection of 2-AG in brain tissue is complicated by the relative ease of its isomerization to 1-AG during standard lipid extraction conditions. It has been found in maternal bovine as well as human milk.

Shimon Ben-Shabat, of Ben-Gurion University, discovered the chemical. 2-AG was a known chemical compound but its occurrence in mammals and its affinity for the cannabinoid receptors were first described in 1994-1995. A research group at Teikyo University reported the affinity of 2-AG for the cannabinoid receptors in 1994-1995, but the isolation of 2-AG in the canine gut was first reported in 1995 by the research group of Raphael Mechoulam at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, which additionally characterized its pharmacological properties in vivo. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, next with Anandamide, was the second endocannabinoid discovered. The cannabinoid established the existence of a cannabinoid neuromodulatory system in the nervous system.