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1st Division (United Kingdom)

1st Division
1st Infantry Division
British 1st Division Insignia.png
1st Division sign used in World War I. The international signal pennant for '1'.
Active 1809–1818
1854–1856
1899–1960
Country  United Kingdom
Branch  British Army
Type Infantry
Size Division
Engagements Peninsular War
Battle of Talavera
Battle of Salamanca
Siege of Tarragona
Battle of Vitoria
Siege of San Sebastián
Battle of the Pyrenees
Battle of the Bidassoa (1813)
Battle of Toulouse (1814)
Battle of Quatre Bras
Battle of Waterloo
Crimean War
Battle of Alma
Battle of Balaclava
Battle of Inkerman
Second Boer War
Battle of Belmont
Battle of Graspan
Battle of Modder River
Battle of Magersfontein
Battle of Boshof
First World War
Battle of Mons
First Battle of the Marne
First Battle of the Aisne
First Battle of Ypres
Battle of Aubers Ridge
Battle of Loos
Battle of the Somme
Battle of Pozières
Battle of Passchendaele
Battle of Épehy
Second World War
Battle of France
Fondouk
El Kourzia
Tunisia Campaign
Battle of Anzio
Battle of Monte Cassino
Liri Valley
Gothic Line
Commanders
Notable
commanders
HRH The Duke of Cambridge
Lord Methuen
Harold Alexander
Kenneth Anderson
Gerald Templer
Charles Loewen
Richard Gale
Horatius Murray
Insignia
1st Infantry Division sign
used in World War 2.
1st Infantry Division sign WW2.svg

The 1st Infantry Division was a regular army infantry division of the British Army with a very long history. The division was present at the Peninsular War, the Crimean War, the First World War, and during the Second World War and was finally disbanded in 1960.

The British 1st Division was originally formed in 1809 by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington for service in the Peninsula War, drawing initially from two British brigades and one Hanoverian brigade of the King's German Legion. During the Peninsula War it was involved in most of the engagements between the Allies and France including the Battle of Talavera, Battle of Salamanca in 1812, Siege of Tarragona (1813), Battle of Vitoria, Siege of San Sebastián, Battle of the Pyrenees, Battle of the Bidassoa (1813), Battle of Toulouse (1814).

(April 1814)

Napoleon Bonaparte's returned during the Congress of Vienna. On 13 March, seven days before Napoleon reached Paris, the powers at the Congress of Vienna declared him an outlaw; four days later the United Kingdom, Russia, Austria and Prussia, members of the Seventh Coalition, bound themselves to put 150,000 men each into the field to end his rule. This set the stage for the last conflict in the Napoleonic Wars and for the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo, the restoration of the French monarchy for the second time and the permanent exile of Napoleon to the island of Saint Helena, where he died in May 1821.


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