The 1982 Memorial Cup was held May 8–15, 1982, at the Robert Guertin Arena in Hull, Quebec. It was the 64th annual Memorial Cup competition and determined the major junior ice hockey champion of the Canadian Hockey League (CHL). The champions of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL), Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL) and Western Hockey League (WHL) – the Kitchener Rangers, Sherbrooke Castors and Portland Winter Hawks respectively – competed for the championship in a double round-robin tournament. The Winter Hawks became the first American-based team to compete for the trophy, while the Rangers defeated the Castors in the final to capture their first Memorial Cup championship. Sherbrooke's Sean McKenna was named tournament most valuable player.
The Kitchener Rangers entered the tournament as J. Ross Robertson Cup champions in the OHL having defeated the Ottawa 67's in the final. The Sherbrooke Castors won the QMJHL's President's Cup by defeating the Trois-Rivières Draveurs. As the Castors had announced their intention to relocate to Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu the following season, they hoped to leave Sherbrooke as national champions. The Portland Winter Hawks overcame the Regina Pats in the WHL final to win that league's President's Cup. In doing so, they became the first American-based team to compete for Canada's national junior championship. The Winter Hawks entered the tournament as favourite to win the title.