The 1955–56 Southern Football League season saw Guildford City win the championship. Seven Southern League clubs applied to join the Football League at the end of the season, but none were successful.
The league featured no new clubs for this season.
1 The system of using goal average to separate two teams tied on points was used up until the 1976-77 season.
2 The points system: 2 points for a win, 1 point for a draw and 0 points for losing.
Seven Southern League clubs applied for election to the Football League. However, none were successful as all four League clubs were re-elected.