1924 Estonian coup d'état attempt

1924 Estonian coup d'état attempt
Date 1 December 1924 Location Estonia Result Estonian victory
Belligerents
Communists from Estonia and Russia	Estonia
Commanders and leaders
Jaan Anvelt	Johan Unt
Strength
279 armed militants and red soldiers, 56 sympathisers with 5 Thompson light machine guns, 55 rifles, 65 hand grenades, 8 explosive devices and 150 pistols	500-700 soldiers and cadets
Casualties and losses
125 killed, 500 arrested	26 soldiers and cadets

The Attempted coup of 1924 in Estonia (Estonian: 1. detsembri riigipöördekatse), conducted by the Comintern, was a failed coup attempt in Estonia staged by Communists (mostly infiltrated from Soviet Union) on December 1, 1924. Of the 279 actively participating communists, 125 were killed in action, later more than 500 people were arrested. The government forces lost 26 men.

During the Soviet occupation of Estonia from 1940 until the era of Perestroika and Glasnost in the Soviet history of the Estonian SSR the communist coup attempt was referred to as Tallinn Uprising of December 1, 1924 against the Yoke of the National Bourgeoisie Government of Estonia and described as an event in the series of World revolution.

In 1920 the rules were laid down in the Soviet Union at the Comintern's Second Congress, Communist parties abroad were to be created either afresh or else by splitting Social Democratic parties; in any case, they were to be accountable to Moscow and not to their domestic constituencies.

The Communist Party of Estonia had affiliated with the Comintern in 1920, and it continued underground activities in Estonia with strong Soviet backing.

The incapacity and death of Vladimir Lenin (January 21, 1924) triggered a struggle for power between Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin. The country's foreign policy drifted during this. On 1 December 1924 the Comintern attempted a communist coup in Estonia.

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