1745 Establishment
| General characteristics for 100-gun first rates |
| Type: |
100-gun first rate ship of the line
|
| Tons burthen: |
1999 70⁄94 bm
|
| Length: |
- 178 ft 0 in (54.3 m) (gundeck)
- 144 ft 6.5 in (44.1 m) (keel)
|
| Beam: |
51 ft 0 in (15.5 m) |
| Depth of hold: |
21 ft 6 in (6.6 m) |
| Complement: |
850 officers and men |
|
| General characteristics for 90-gun second rates |
| Type: |
90-gun second-rate ship of the line |
| Tons burthen: |
1730 77⁄94 bm
|
| Length: |
- 170 ft 0 in (51.8 m) (gundeck)
- 138 ft 4 in (42.2 m) (keel)
|
| Beam: |
48 ft 6 in (14.8 m) |
| Depth of hold: |
20 ft 6 in (6.2 m) |
| Complement: |
750 officers and men |
|
| General characteristics for 80-gun third rates |
| Type: |
80-gun third-rate ship of the line |
| Tons burthen: |
1585 2⁄94 bm
|
| Length: |
- 165 ft 0 in (50.3 m) (gundeck)
- 134 ft 10.75 in (41.1 m) (keel)
|
| Beam: |
47 ft 0 in (14.3 m) |
| Depth of hold: |
20 ft 0 in (6.1 m) |
| Complement: |
650 officers and men |
|
| General characteristics for 70-gun third rates |
| Type: |
70-gun third-rate ship of the line |
| Tons burthen: |
1414 36⁄94 bm
|
| Length: |
- 160 ft 0 in (48.8 m) (gundeck)
- 131 ft 4 in (40.0 m) (keel)
|
| Beam: |
45 ft 0 in (13.7 m) |
| Depth of hold: |
19 ft 4 in (5.9 m) |
| Complement: |
- 520 officers and men
- (470 in 64-gun ship)
|
|
| General characteristics for 60-gun fourth rates |
| Type: |
60-gun fourth-rate ship of the line |
| Tons burthen: |
1191 41⁄94 bm
|
| Length: |
- 150 ft 0 in (45.7 m) (gundeck)
- 123 ft 0.5 in (37.5 m) (keel)
|
| Beam: |
42 ft 8 in (13.0 m) |
| Depth of hold: |
18 ft 6 in (5.6 m) |
| Complement: |
420 officers and men |
|
| General characteristics for 50-gun fourth rates |
| Type: |
50-gun fourth-rate ship of the line |
| Tons burthen: |
1052 47⁄94 bm
|
| Length: |
- 144 ft 0 in (43.9 m) (gundeck)
- 117 ft 8.5 in (35.9 m) (keel)
|
| Beam: |
41 ft 0 in (12.5 m) |
| Depth of hold: |
17 ft 0 in (5.2 m) |
| Complement: |
350 officers and men |
|
| General characteristics for 44-gun fifth rates |
| Type: |
44-gun fifth-rate ship |
| Tons burthen: |
814 7⁄94 bm
|
| Length: |
- 133 ft 0 in (40.5 m) (gundeck)
- 108 ft 10 in (33.2 m) (keel)
|
| Beam: |
37 ft 6 in (11.4 m) |
| Depth of hold: |
16 ft 0 in (4.9 m) |
| Complement: |
280 officers and men |
|
| General characteristics for 24-gun sixth rates |
| Type: |
24-gun sixth-rate ship |
| Tons burthen: |
508 32⁄94 bm
|
| Length: |
- 113 ft 0 in (34.4 m) (gundeck)
- 93 ft 4 in (28.4 m) (keel)
|
| Beam: |
32 ft 0 in (9.8 m) (1745) |
| Depth of hold: |
11 ft 0 in (3.4 m) (1745) |
| Complement: |
160 officers and men |
|
The 1745 Establishment was the third and final formal establishment of dimensions for ships to be built for the Royal Navy. It completely superseded the previous 1719 Establishment, which had subsequently been modified in 1733 and again in 1741 (but not formally replaced on either occasion). Although partially intended to correct the problems of the ships built to the earlier Establishments, the ships of the 1745 Establishment proved just as unsatisfactory, and important changes in the make-up of the Admiralty and Navy Boards finally led to the end of the establishment era by around 1751.
When the 1706 Establishment had come into effect, British naval architecture had been set on a path of conservatism that caused stagnation in the advance of shipbuilding in Great Britain. Over the course of the existence of the 1706 and 1719 Establishments, the sizes of ships had remained relatively unchanged: the gundeck length of a 70-gun third rate of 1706 was 150 ft (45.7 m), compared with 151 ft (46.0 m) in 1733. By comparison, the 70-gun French ship Ferme captured by the Royal Navy in 1702 was 156 ft 2 in (47.6 m), and the 70-gun Magnanime of 1744, captured in 1748 was 173 ft 7 in (52.9 m). This was almost as long as the 175 ft (53.3 m) to which British first rates were to be built according to the 1741 proposals.
With the end of Robert Walpole's government in 1742, the Board of Admiralty was re–organised, and the civilian Earl of Winchilsea was appointed First Lord. Under the new administration, there were some half-hearted attempts at reform, with the ordering of the 90-gun Namur to be razeed to 74-guns, as a response to the increasing French and Spanish practice of building 74-gun ships, and an experiment in building larger ships for their class resulted in the construction of Bristol and Rochester.
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