100 Series Shinkansen

100 series
A 100 series Grand Hikari trainset in January 1997
In service	1985–16 March 2012
Manufacturer	Hitachi, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Kinki Sharyo, Nippon Sharyo, Tokyu Car Corporation
Constructed	1984–1991
Refurbishment	2000–2004
Scrapped	1999–2012
Number built	1,056 vehicles (66 sets)
Number in service	None
Number preserved	5 vehicles
Formation	4, 6, 12 or 16 cars per trainset
Capacity	4-car P sets 250 6-car K sets 394 12-car G sets 1,031 (68 Green + 963 Standard) 16-car X sets 1,277 (124 Green + 1,153 Standard) 16-car V sets 1,285 (126 Green + 1,159 Standard) 16-car G sets 1,321 (168 Green + 1,153 Standard)
Operator(s)	JNR (1985–1987) JR Central (1987–2003) JR-West (1989–2012)
Depot(s)	Hakata
Line(s) served	Tokaido Shinkansen, Sanyo Shinkansen, Hakata-Minami Line
Specifications
Car body construction	Steel
Car length	25,000 mm (82 ft 0 in) (intermediate cars) 26,050 mm (85 ft 6 in) (end cars)
Width	3,383 mm (11 ft 1.2 in)
Height	4,000 mm (13 ft 1 in) 4,488 mm (14 ft 8.7 in) (Bilevel car)
Doors	Two per side
Maximum speed	220 km/h (137 mph) (230 km/h (143 mph) for the former V sets)
Traction system	Thyristor drive
Acceleration	1.6 km/(h·s) (0.99 mph/s) for the former V sets)
Deceleration	2.6 km/(h·s) (2.4 ft/s2)
Electric system(s)	25 kV AC, 60 Hz, overhead catenary
Current collection method	Pantograph
Bogies	DT202 (motored), TR7000 (trailer)
Safety system(s)	ATC-1
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)

The 100 series (100系, Hyaku-kei^?) was a Japanese Shinkansen high-speed train type which operated between 1984 and 2012 on the Tokaido Shinkansen and Sanyo Shinkansen high-speed lines. They were introduced after the 200 series trains, but their numbering is such because in the days of Japanese National Railways (JNR), Shinkansen types running east of Tokyo were given even numbers and those west of Tokyo odd numbers, hence they were given the next odd number in line after 0, 100. The last remaining examples of the type were withdrawn from service following the last runs on 16 March 2012.

They differ visibly from the earlier 0 series in that the nose profile is more pointed. Another not so visible difference for the 16-car sets was that not all cars were powered; the driving cars on each end were unpowered, as were the two bilevel center cars. Some later production sets had powered driving cars and four unpowered bilevel trailers in the middle instead. The bilevel trailer cars contained a combination of restaurant cars, and first class compartments, or open-plan first class seating and first class compartments, or open-plan first class seating and refreshment cars.

External livery was white (White No. 3) and blue (Blue No. 20).

Following their removal from front-line service, 100 series sets were later reformed into shorter four- and six-car sets for the slower Kodama services on the Sanyo Shinkansen line. These four- and six-car trains did not have bilevel cars.

Originally numbered X0, the pre-series set X1 was delivered in 1985, with test running commencing from 27 March that year. It entered revenue service for passenger evaluation trials on Hikari services from 1 October 1985. This unit differed externally from later production units in having small windows aligned with each seating bay, and also had a slanting headlight arrangement. The type 116 Green (first class) car formed as car 10 initially included one two-seat and two single-seat compartments, but these were removed when the set was modified to full-production standard in 1986.