.22 Winchester Rimfire

.22 Winchester Rimfire
.22 Winchester Rimfire (right) and .22 Long Rifle (left).
Type	Rifle
Place of origin	United States
Production history
Designed	1890
Specifications
Bullet diameter	.224 in (5.7 mm)
Neck diameter	.242 in (6.1 mm)
Base diameter	.242 in (6.1 mm)
Rim diameter	.294 in (7.5 mm)
Rim thickness	.050 in (1.3 mm)
Case length	.965 in (24.5 mm)
Overall length	1.180 in (30.0 mm)
Rifling twist	1-14"
Primer type	rimfire
Ballistic performance
Bullet mass/type Velocity Energy 45 gr. (2.9 g) standard velocity 1,050 ft/s (320 m/s) 105 ft·lbf (142 J) 45 gr. (2.9 g) 1,450 ft/s (440 m/s) 210 ft·lbf (280 J) 40 gr. (2.6 g) hollowpoint (high velocity) 1,440 ft/s (440 m/s) 185 ft·lbf (251 J)
Source(s): Barnes & Amber 1972

The .22 Winchester Rimfire (commonly called the .22 WRF) is an American rimfire rifle cartridge.

Introduced in the Winchester M1890 slide rifle, it had a flat-nose slug, and is identical to the .22 Remington Special (which differed only in having a roundnosed slug). It uses a flat-based, inside-lubricated bullet, which differs from the outside-lube slug of the .22 Short, Long, LR, and Extra Long rounds.

When introduced, the .22 WRF "was the first notable improvement in the killing power" over the .22 LR, and was able to kill cleaner at up to 75 yd (70 m). It is somewhat less accurate than the .22 LR and is most suited to hunting small game such as rabbits or prairie dogs.

Shortly before World War II, propellants were developed that greatly increased the effectiveness of the .22 LR. These new "High Velocity" loadings offered a nearly 300fps increase in velocity over the original 1050fps .22 LR load. This increase in power of the smaller round, coupled with its cheaper price and sheer number of rifles already owned in .22 LR, effectively killed the .22 WRF.

A variety of Winchester, Remington, and Stevens single-shot and repeater rifles were offered from 1890 onward, but new rifles are not made for this cartridge. .22 WRF ammunition is periodically offered by commercial makers for use in the old guns. It can be fired in any rifle chambered for the more powerful .22 WMR. The shorter WRF cartridge may be limited to single shot use in WMR rifles, since it may not feed from WMR-length magazines, depending on design.