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(E)-Stilbene

(E)-Stilbene
trans-stilbene - skeletal formula
trans-stilbene - ball-and-stick model
Names
IUPAC name
1,1'-[(1E)-Ethene-1,2-diyl]dibenzene
Other names
(E)-1,2-Diphenylethene
(E)-Stilbene
trans-Stilbene
trans-1,2-Diphenylethylene
Identifiers
3D model (Jmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.002.817
PubChem CID
UNII
Properties
C14H12
Molar mass 180.25 g·mol−1
Appearance Solid
Density 0.9707 g/cm3
Melting point 122 to 125 °C (252 to 257 °F; 395 to 398 K)
Boiling point 305 to 307 °C (581 to 585 °F; 578 to 580 K)
Practically insoluble
Hazards
Safety data sheet External MSDS
NFPA 704
Flammability code 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g., canola oil Health code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g., turpentine Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point >112 °C (234 °F)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

(E)-Stilbene, (trans-stilbene), is an organic compound with the formula (C6H5CH)2. Classified as a diarylethene, it features a central ethene double bond substituted with phenyl groups on each carbon atoms of the double bond. The name stilbene is derived from the Greek word stilbos, which means shining. It is a white solid that dissolves in organic solvents.

Stilbene exists as two possible stereoisomers. One is trans-1,2-diphenylethylene, called (E)-stilbene or trans-stilbene. The second is cis-1,2-diphenylethylene, called (Z)-stilbene or cis-stilbene, and is sterically hindered and less stable because the steric interactions force the aromatic rings out-of-plane and prevent conjugation. (Z)-Stilbene has a melting point of 5–6 °C (41–43 °F), while (E)-stilbene melts around 125 °C (257 °F), illustrating the two compounds are quite different in their physical properties.

Many syntheses have been developed. One popular route entails reduction of benzoin using zinc.

Stilbene undergoes reactions typical of alkenes, being susceptible to bromination, epoxidation, and cycloaddition. Upon UV irradiation it converts to cis-stilbene, a classic example of a involving trans-cis isomerization.

E-Stilbene itself is of little value, but it is a precursor to other derivatives used as dyes, optical brighteners, phosphors, and scintillators. Stilbene is one of the gain mediums used in dye lasers.


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