Éothéod
| Eorlingas, Rohirrim, Horse-lords | |
| Attributes | |
|---|---|
| Founder | Frumgar |
| Leader(s) | Éomer |
| Capital | Framsburg, then Edoras |
| Home world | Middle-earth |
| Base of operations | Upper Anduin, then Rohan |
| Language | Rohirric |
In the fictional world of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Éothéod were a group of Northmen who became the ancestors of the Rohirrim. The word, meaning "horse people", is a compound of the Old English words éoh ("horse" or "war horse") and théod ("people", "race"); it is cognate with Old Norse jóþjóð ("horse people"). Tolkien used the word to refer also to the land they occupied in the Vales of Anduin.
Unfinished Tales tells how the Éothéod arose following the Battle of the Plain fought by Gondor and the Northmen against the Easterlings in the plains south of Mirkwood in T.A. 1856Narmacil II of Gondor and Marhari, a chieftain of the Northmen, were killed in the battle. Marhari's son Marwhini withdrew with some survivors to the lower Vales of Anduin between the Carrock and the Gladden Fields. They were joined over time by other refugees from several groups of Northmen, and formed a coherent organisation with Marwhini as its leader.
Some hundred years later, in T.A. 1977,Frumgar led the Éothéod northward to the upper Vales of Anduin to seek more room, displacing the remnants of Angmar after its fall. The Éothéod occupied land north of Mirkwood, from the Misty Mountains as far as the Forest River. Their chief town ("their only fortified burg") was built where the Great River Anduin forms at the confluence of the rivers Langwell and Greylin, and was called Framsburg for Frumgar's son Fram.
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