École nationale d’administration
 |
|
| Type | Public |
|---|---|
| Established | 1945 |
| Director | Nathalie Loiseau |
|
Administrative staff
|
229 |
| Undergraduates | 0 |
| Postgraduates | 533 students |
| Location | Strasbourg, France |
| Website | www |
The École nationale d'administration (ENA; French pronunciation: [ekɔl nasjɔnal dadministʁasjɔ̃]; English: National School of Administration) is one of the most prestigious French grandes écoles, created in 1945 by Michel Debré to democratise access to the senior civil service. It is now entrusted with the selection and initial training of senior French officials. It is considered to be one of the most elite French schools, both because of its low acceptance rates and because a large majority of its candidates have already graduated from other elite schools in the country. Thus, within the French society, the ENA stands as one of the main pathways to high positions in the public and private sectors.
Originally located in Paris, it has now been almost completely relocated to Strasbourg to emphasise its European character, and is now based in the former Commanderie Saint-Jean, though it continues to maintain a campus in Paris. ENA produces around 80 to 90 graduates every year, known as étudiants-fonctionnaires or "enaos" or "énarques " (IPA: [enaʁk]) for short. In 2002 the Institut international d'administration publique (IIAP) which educated foreign civil servants under a common structure with ENA was fused with it. ENA shares several traditions with the College of Europe, which was established shortly after.
The École Nationale d'Administration was formally established in October 1945 at the decree of Michel Debré as part of his project to reform the recruitment and training of high-ranking officials.
The ENA was designed to democratize access to the higher ranks of the civil service: until then, each ministry had its own hiring process; some believed this left the system vulnerable to nepotism and patronage. It was hoped that a system based on academic proficiency and competitive examination would make recruitment to top positions more transparent.
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