The Iron Bridge
| The Iron Bridge | |
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The Iron Bridge
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| Coordinates | 52°37′38″N 2°29′08″W / 52.627245°N 2.485533°WCoordinates: 52°37′38″N 2°29′08″W / 52.627245°N 2.485533°W |
| Carries | Pedestrian traffic |
| Crosses | River Severn |
| Locale | Ironbridge Gorge near Coalbrookdale |
| Heritage status | Grade I listed |
| Characteristics | |
| Design | cast iron arch bridge |
| Longest span | 100 feet 6 inches (30.63 m) |
| History | |
| Construction begin | November 1777 |
| Construction end | January 1781 |
| Opened | 1 January 1781 |
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The Iron Bridge is a bridge that crosses the River Severn in Shropshire, England. Opened in 1781, it was the first major bridge in the world to be made of cast iron, and was greatly celebrated after construction owing to its use of the new material.
In 1934 it was designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument and closed to vehicular traffic.Tolls for pedestrians were collected until 1950, when ownership of the bridge was transferred to Shropshire County Council. It now belongs to Telford and Wrekin Borough Council. The bridge, the adjacent settlement of Ironbridge and the Ironbridge Gorge form the UNESCO Ironbridge Gorge World Heritage Site. The bridge is a Grade I listed building, and a waypoint on the South Telford Heritage Trail.
Abraham Darby I first smelted local iron ore with coke made from Coalbrookdale coal in 1709, and in the coming decades Shropshire became a centre for industry due to the low price of fuel from local mines. The River Severn was used as a key trading route, but it was also a barrier to travel around the deep Severn Gorge, especially between the then important industrial parishes of Broseley and Madeley, the nearest bridge being at Buildwas two miles away. The use of the river by boat traffic and the steep sides of the gorge meant that any bridge should ideally be of a single span, and sufficiently high to allow tall ships to pass underneath. The steepness and instability of the banks was problematic for building a bridge, and there was no point where roads on opposite sides of the river converged.
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