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Neuroendocrinology


Neuroendocrinology = neurology (from Greek: νεῦρον, neuron, and the suffix -λογία "study of") + endocrinology (from Greek , endon, "within"; , krīnō, "to separate"; and , is the study of the interaction between the nervous system and the endocrine system, including the biological features of the cells involved (cytology), and how they communicate (see: Cell biology). The nervous and endocrine systems often act together in a process called neuroendocrine integration, to regulate the physiological processes of the human body. Neuroendocrinology arose from the recognition that the brain, especially the hypothalamus, controls secretion of pituitary gland hormones, and has subsequently expanded to investigate numerous interconnections of the endocrine and nervous systems.

The neuroendocrine system is the mechanism by which the hypothalamus maintains homeostasis, regulating reproduction, metabolism, eating and drinking behaviour, energy utilization, osmolarity and blood pressure.

The endocrine system consists of numerous glands throughout the body that produce and secrete hormones of diverse chemical structure, including peptides, steroids, and neuroamines. Collectively, hormones regulate many physiological processes.


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