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Basketball

Basketball
Jordan by Lipofsky 16577.jpg
Highest governing body FIBA
First played December 21, 1891; 125 years ago (1891-12-21). Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
Characteristics
Contact Yes
Team members 5 per side
Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions
Type Indoor
Equipment Basketball
Venue Indoor court (mainly) or outdoor court (Streetball)
Presence
Country or region Worldwide
Olympic Yes, Demonstrated in the 1904 and 1924 Summer Olympics
Part of the Summer Olympic program since 1936
Paralympic Yes

Basketball is a sport that is played by two teams of five players on a rectangular court. The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter and mounted at a height of 10 feet (3.048 m) to backboards at each end of the court. The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith, who would be the first basketball coach of the Kansas Jayhawks, one of the most successful programs in the game's history.

A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket being defended by the opposition team during regular play. A field goal scores three points for the shooting team if the player shoots from behind the three-point line, and two points if shot from in front of the line. A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point, after the other team is assessed with certain fouls. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) is issued when the score is tied at the end of regulation. The ball can be advanced on the court by throwing it to a teammate, or by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling). It is a violation to lift, or drag, one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.

There are many techniques for ball-handling—shooting, passing, dribbling, and rebounding. Basketball teams generally have player positions, the tallest and strongest members of a team are called a center or power forward, while slightly shorter and more agile players are called small forward, and the shortest players or those who possess the best ball handling skills are called a point guard or shooting guard. The point guard directs the on court action of the team, implementing the coach's game plan, and managing the execution of offensive and defensive plays (player positioning).


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Wikipedia

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