Peng Pai
| Peng Pai 彭湃 |
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
October 22, 1896 Haifeng, Guangdong, China |
| Died | August 30, 1929 (aged 32) Shanghai, China |
| Political party |
Communist Party of China A Peasants Movement Pioneer A Prominent Revolutionary |
Peng Pai (Chinese: 彭湃; pinyin: Péng Pài ) (October 22, 1896 – August 30, 1929) born in Haifeng County (now under Shanwei Municipality), Guangdong Province, China, was a pioneer of the Chinese agrarian movement and peasants' rights activist, a prominent revolutionary, and one of the leaders of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) at its earlier stage. Peng Pai was one of the few Chinese intellectuals who were aware in early 1920s that peasantry and land issues caused the most critical problems for Chinese society. He believed that the success of any revolution in China must depend on the peasants as its base foundation.
Peng Pai was born on October 22, 1896, into the elite segment of society as a landlord offspring (dizhu chushen 地主出身) and an heir to great wealth. The Peng family was of Cantonese origin, with about thirty members, owning lands cultivated by peasant tenants who, with their families, numbered more than 1,500; so each one of the Peng family controlled about fifty peasants.
Peng Pai’s sociopolitical views were partly influenced by his mother, Zhou Feng (周凤). Zhou Feng came from an impoverished family. At the age of eighteen, she was sold by her parents as a concubine to Peng Pai’s father Peng Xin (彭辛，another first-name Shou-yin 寿殷). At that time, Peng Xin already had two sons by his first wife. Pai’s mother had three sons of her own: Peng Hanyuan (彭汉垣), Peng Pai, and Peng Shu (彭述). Hanyuan and Shu later actively joined and assisted Pai in the peasant movement launched and led by Pai. All three brothers lost their lives for this cause. They are officially honored as "Revolutionary Martyrs" by the People’s Republic of China.
In memory of Peng Pai and Yang Yin, the CCP named its military academy the "Peng-Yang Military Academy of the Red Army".
Peng Pai’s second son, Peng Shilu (彭士禄), is a famed scientist of Nuclear Propulsion and Nuclear Power Engineering in China, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE). He is nicknamed as one of the "Founding Fathers of China's Naval Nuclear Propulsion" for his prominent and key contributions to China's Nuclear Submarine project.
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