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Official multilingualism


Official multilingualism is the policy adopted by some states of recognizing multiple languages as official and producing all official documents, and handling all correspondence and official dealings, including court procedure, in these languages. It is distinct from personal multilingualism, the capacity of a person to speak several languages.

Afghanistan uses Dari (or Afghan Persian) and Pashto as official languages. Many citizens are bilingual. These two languages account for 85% of Afghanis' native tongues.

In Belarus, Russian is far more common than Belarusian, and Section 17 of the Constitution designates both as official languages.

The official languages of Burundi are the local Kirundi language as well as the colonial French.

Cameroon is extremely diverse linguistically and uses English and French as official languages.

In Canada English and French have special legal status over other languages in Canada’s courts, parliament and administration. At the provincial level, New Brunswick is the only official bilingual province and only Quebec is officially unilingual (French only). In practice, all provinces, including Quebec, offer some bilingual services and some education in both official languages up to the high school level. English and French are official languages in all three territories (because they are federally administered). In addition, Inuktitut is also an official language in Nunavut, and nine aboriginal languages have official status in the Northwest Territories.


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