Hierissus
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Ierissos Ιερισσός |
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|---|---|
 Ierissos
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| Coordinates: 40°24′N 23°53′E / 40.400°N 23.883°ECoordinates: 40°24′N 23°53′E / 40.400°N 23.883°E | |
| Country | Greece |
| Administrative region | Central Macedonia |
| Regional unit | Chalkidiki |
| Municipality | Aristotelis |
| Municipal unit | Stagira-Akanthos |
| Community | |
| • Population | 3,455 (2011) |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) |
| • Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) |
| Vehicle registration | ΧΚ |
Ierissos (Greek: Ιερισσός) is a small town on the east coast of the Akti peninsula in Chalkidiki, Greece. It is located 160 km from Thessaloniki, and 10km from the border of the Autonomous Monastic State of the Holy Mountain, or Mount Athos. Ferries run from Ierissos to the east coast of Mount Athos.
Since the 2011 local government reform Ierissos has been the seat of the municipality of Aristotelis, and of the municipal unit of Stagira-Akanthos.
The name of Ierissos is derived from the Latin Ericius, a translation of Akanthos, the name of the ancient city located 0.6 km (2,000 ft) north west of the modern town.
During the Byzantine era Erissos was the seat of a bishopric, evidenced from 883. From the 10th century onwards, the town's history is indissolubly linked with that of Mount Athos. In 942 there were disputes between Ierissos and the monks of Mount Athos over the borders between Ierissos and the monastic community's lands and, the following year, the differences were settled in person by a large commission of major politicians and church officials.
In the summer of 1425, Ierissos came into the hands of the Turks. During that time the Venetians, starting from Cassandreia, landed on the coastline of Ierissos, burnt down the settlement (by then only a large village) and its surroundings and (on departure) set alight the castle and five towers. Under Ottoman rule, Ierissos was one of the privileged Mademochoria. In 1821 Ierissos took part in the Greek War of Independence and during the repression the village was burnt down by the Turks and a large number of residents killed.
In 1932 the village was destroyed by a powerful earthquake, with 121 people killed and approximately 500 injured. After the earthquake the new Ierissos was built in its current position, a little north west of the ancient city.
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