Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
| Zulfikar Ali Bhutto | |
|---|---|
| ذوالفقار علی بھٹو ذوالفقار علي ڀُٽو |
|
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| 4th President of Pakistan | |
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In office 20 December 1971 – 13 August 1973 |
|
| Vice President | Nurul Amin |
| Preceded by | Yahya Khan |
| Succeeded by | Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry |
| 10th Prime Minister of Pakistan | |
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In office 14 August 1973 – 5 July 1977 |
|
| President | Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry |
| Preceded by | Nurul Amin |
| Succeeded by | Muhammad Khan Junejo |
| Speaker of the National Assembly | |
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In office 14 April 1972 – 15 August 1972 |
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| Deputy | Muhammad Hanif Khan |
| Preceded by | Abdul Jabbar Khan |
| Succeeded by | Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
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In office 15 June 1963 – 31 August 1966 |
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| President | Ayub Khan |
| Preceded by | Muhammad Ali Bogra |
| Succeeded by | Sharifuddin Pirzada |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
5 January 1928 Larkana, Bombay Presidency, British Raj (now in Sindh, Pakistan) |
| Died | 4 April 1979 (aged 51) Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan |
| Resting place | Garhi Khuda Bakhsh, Sindh, Pakistan |
| Nationality | Indian (1928-1947) Pakistani (1947-1979) |
| Political party | Pakistan People's Party |
| Spouse(s) | Shireen Amir Begum (1943-1945) Nusrat Ispahani (1951–1979) |
| Relations |
Bhutto family Zardari family |
| Children | Benazir, Murtaza, Sanam, Shahnawaz |
| Alma mater | University of California Christ Church, Oxford Inns of Court School of Law |
| Profession | Lawyer, politician |
| Religion | Islam (Shia) |
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Urdu: ذوالفقار علی بھٹو; Sindhi: ذوالفقار علي ڀُٽو) IPA: [zʊlfɪqɑːɾ ɑli bʱʊʈːoː]) (5 January 1928 – 4 April 1979) was a Pakistani politician and statesman who served as the 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977, and prior to that as the 4th President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973. He is revered by his followers in Pakistan as Quaid-i-Awam (Urdu: قائد عوام People's Leader). He was also the founder of the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) and served as its chairman until his execution in 1979.
Educated at Berkeley and Oxford, Bhutto trained as a barrister at Lincoln's Inn. He entered politics as one of President Iskander Mirza's cabinet members, before being assigned several ministries during President Ayub Khan's military rule. Appointed foreign minister in 1963, Bhutto was a proponent of Operation Gibraltar in Indian-controlled Kashmir, leading to war with India in 1965. After the Tashkent Agreement ended hostilities, Bhutto fell out with Ayub and was sacked from government. He founded the PPP in 1967, contesting general elections in 1970. The Awami League won a majority of seats in East Pakistan and PPP won a majority of seats in West Pakistan; the two parties were unable to agree on a new constitution in particular on the issue of Six Point Movement which many in West Pakistan saw as a way to break up the country. Subsequent uprisings led to the secession of Bangladesh, and Pakistan losing the war against Bangladesh-allied India in 1971. Bhutto was handed over the presidency in December 1971 and emergency rule was imposed.
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