White sugar
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 1,619 kJ (387 kcal) |
|
99.98 g
|
|
| Sugars | 99.91 g |
| Dietary fiber | 0 g |
|
0 g
|
|
|
0 g
|
|
| Vitamins | |
| Riboflavin (B2) |
(2%)
0.019 mg |
| Minerals | |
| Calcium |
(0%)
1 mg |
| Iron |
(0%)
0.01 mg |
| Potassium |
(0%)
2 mg |
| Other constituents | |
| Water | 0.03 g |
|
|
| Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database |
|
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 1,576 kJ (377 kcal) |
|
97.33 g
|
|
| Sugars | 96.21 g |
| Dietary fiber | 0 g |
|
0 g
|
|
|
0 g
|
|
| Vitamins | |
| Thiamine (B1) |
(1%)
0.008 mg |
| Riboflavin (B2) |
(1%)
0.007 mg |
| Niacin (B3) |
(1%)
0.082 mg |
| Vitamin B6 |
(2%)
0.026 mg |
| Folate (B9) |
(0%)
1 μg |
| Minerals | |
| Calcium |
(9%)
85 mg |
| Iron |
(15%)
1.91 mg |
| Magnesium |
(8%)
29 mg |
| Phosphorus |
(3%)
22 mg |
| Potassium |
(3%)
133 mg |
| Sodium |
(3%)
39 mg |
| Zinc |
(2%)
0.18 mg |
| Other constituents | |
| Water | 1.77 g |
|
|
| Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database |
|
Sugar is the generic name for sweet, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. There are various types of sugar derived from different sources. Simple sugars are called monosaccharides and include glucose (also known as dextrose), fructose, and galactose. The "table sugar" or "granulated sugar" most customarily used as food is sucrose, a disaccharide of glucose and fructose. Sugar is used in prepared foods (e.g., cookies and cakes) and it is added to some foods and beverages (e.g., coffee and tea). In the body, sucrose is hydrolysed into the simple sugars fructose and glucose. Other disaccharides include maltose from malted grain, and lactose from milk. Longer chains of sugars are called oligosaccharides or polysaccharides. Some other chemical substances, such as glycerol may also have a sweet taste, but are not classified as sugars. Low-calorie food substitutes for sugar, described as artificial sweeteners, include aspartame and sucralose, a chlorinated derivative of sucrose.
Sugars are found in the tissues of most plants and are present in sufficient concentrations for efficient commercial extraction in sugarcane and sugar beet. The world production of sugar in 2011 was about 168 million tonnes. The average person consumes about 24 kilograms (53 lb) of sugar each year (33.1 kg in industrialised countries), equivalent to over 260 food calories per person, per day. Since the latter part of the twentieth century, it has been questioned whether a diet high in sugars, especially refined sugars, is good for human health. Sugar has been linked to obesity, and suspected of, or fully implicated as a cause in the occurrence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dementia, macular degeneration, and tooth decay. Numerous studies have been undertaken to try to clarify the position, but with varying results, mainly because of the difficulty of finding populations for use as controls that do not consume or are largely free of any sugar consumption.
...
Wikipedia