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West Prussia

Province of West Prussia
Provinz Westpreußen
Province of the Kingdom of Prussia (until 1918) and the Free State of Prussia

1773–1829
1878–1922

 

 

 

Flag Coat of arms
Flag Coat of arms
Location of West Prussia
West Prussia (red), within the Kingdom of Prussia, within the German Empire, as of 1878.
Capital Marienwerder
(1773–1793, 1806–1813)
Danzig
(1793–1806, 1813–1919)
History
 •  Established 1773
 •  Division by Napoleon 1806
 •  Restored 1815
 •  Province of Prussia 1824–1878
 •  Treaty of Versailles 1919
 •  Disestablished 1922
Area
 •  1890 25,534 km2(9,859 sq mi)
Population
 •  1890 1,433,681 
Density 56.1 /km2  (145.4 /sq mi)
Political subdivisions Danzig
Marienwerder

The Province of West Prussia (German: Provinz Westpreußen; Kashubian: Zôpadné Prësë; Polish: Prusy Zachodnie) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773–1824 and from 1878–1919/20, within the German Reich, which was created out of the earlier Polish province of Royal Prussia. In February 1920, Germany (after it had been defeated in 1918) handed over West Prussia's mainly German populated central parts to become the so-called Polish Corridor (i.e. Pomeranian Voivodeship) and the Free City of Danzig, while the parts remaining with the German Weimar Republic became the new Posen-West Prussia or were joined to the Province of East Prussia as Regierungsbezirk West Prussia. The territory was included within Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia from 1939–45, after which it became part of Poland.

West Prussia is also used as a general name for the region in historical context from the 13th century to 1945.

In the Middle Ages, it was inhabited by Slavic and Baltic tribes: by Pomeranians in Pomerelia west to Vistula river, by Old Prussians and later Masovians in Kulmerland, and by Old Prussians (mainly Pomesanians) in the part of the region located east to Vistula river and north to Kulmerland. Due to immigration and cultural changes, the population became mixed over centuries and consisted of Germans, Kashubians, Poles, as well as Slovincians, Huguenots, Mennonites, and Jews, among others.


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