The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology
.JPG)
The German edition
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| Author | Edmund Husserl |
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| Original title | Die Krisis der europäischen Wissenschaften und die transzendentale Phänomenologie: Eine Einleitung in die phänomenologische Philosophie |
| Translator | David Carr |
| Country | Germany |
| Language | German |
| Subject | Phenomenology |
| Published |
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| Media type | Print (Hardcover and Paperback) |
| Pages | 405 (English edition) |
| ISBN | |
| LC Class | 77-82511 |
The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology: An Introduction to Phenomenological Philosophy (German: Die Krisis der europäischen Wissenschaften und die transzendentale Phänomenologie: Eine Einleitung in die phänomenologische Philosophie) is an unfinished 1936 book by the German philosopher Edmund Husserl, in which Husserl attempts to provide a historical and causal account of human consciousness. The work is seen as the culmination of Husserl's thought.
Husserl purports to show, "by way of a teleological-historical reflection on the origins of our critical scientific and philosophical situation, the inescapable necessity of a transcendental-phenomenological reorientation of philosophy". He attempts to provide a historical and causal account of the origins of consciousness, something excluded or "bracketed" in his earlier works. Husserl, now concerned not so much with particular past events as with the eidos of history, the essential historicity of consciousness and its burden of preoccupations derived from the traditions of its social milieu, casts doubt on his own attempt to found a rigorous science free of all preconceptions. In the third part of the book, he develops the concept of the "life-world" (Lebenswelt) the intersubjective world of natural, pre-theoretical experience and activity, which in his view was neglected by philosophers such as Immanuel Kant in favor of the world of theoretical science. The "theoretical attitude", exemplified for Husserl by Galileo Galilei, arose historically, in ancient Greece, against the background of the life-world, which essentially persists even after the development of the theoretical spirit.
The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology has been seen as the culmination of Husserl's thought. Michael Inwood notes that, though Husserl's account of the life-world, its essential priority to theory and theory's emergence from it, owes something to the eideitic method and to epochē (describing the essential structures of the life-world involves suspending scientific presuppositions and our practical engagement with the life-world), some philosophers, including Maurice Merleau-Ponty, considered The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology a significant departure from Husserl's earlier work. He believes that unlike the books that Husserl wrote earlier in his career, which were avowedly similar to the Meditations on First Philosophy (1641) of René Descartes and unavowedly similar to Johann Gottlieb Fichte's Foundations of the Science of Knowledge (1794), The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology is close in spirit to Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's The Phenomenology of Spirit (1807).
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