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Taurine

Taurine
Skeletal formula of taurine
Ball-and-stick model of the taurine zwitterion
Space-filling model of the taurine zwitterion
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
2-Aminoethane-1-sulfonic acid
Other names
2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid
Tauric acid
Identifiers
107-35-7 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:15891 N
ChEMBL ChEMBL239243 YesY
ChemSpider 1091 YesY
DrugBank DB01956 N
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.168
2379
PubChem 1123
UNII 1EQV5MLY3D YesY
Properties
C2H7NO3S
Molar mass 125.14 g/mol
Density 1.734 g/cm3 (at −173.15 °C)
Melting point 305.11 °C (581.20 °F; 578.26 K)
Acidity (pKa) <0, 9.06
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Taurine (/ˈtɔːrn/), or 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, is an organic compound that is widely distributed in animal tissues. It is a major constituent of bile and can be found in the large intestine, and accounts for up to 0.1% of total human body weight. Taurine has many fundamental biological roles, such as conjugation of bile acids, antioxidation, osmoregulation, membrane stabilization, and modulation of calcium signaling. It is essential for cardiovascular function, and development and function of skeletal muscle, the retina, and the central nervous system. Taurine is unusual among biological molecules in being a sulfonic acid, while the vast majority of biologically occurring acids contain the more weakly acidic carboxyl group. While taurine is sometimes called an amino acid, and indeed is an acid containing an amino group, it is not an amino acid in the usual biochemical meaning of the term, which refers to compounds containing both an amino and a carboxyl group.

Taurine is named after the Latin taurus (a cognate of the Greek ταῦρος) which means bull or ox, as it was first isolated from ox bile in 1827 by German scientists Friedrich Tiedemann and Leopold Gmelin.


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