Taiping Rebellion

Taiping Rebellion
Image of the Battle of Anqing (1861)
Date December 1850 – August 1864 Location China Result Qing victory Fall of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Diminished power of the central court over the provinces Rise of irregular provincial armies Vanishment of God Worshippers Lasting damage to the perception of Christianity in China Role in sparking other rebellions in China, including the Miao Rebellion (1854–73) Persecution of Hakka people and other ethnic groups that once supported the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
Belligerents
Qing dynasty Xiang Army Huai Army Later stages:  France  United Kingdom	Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
Commanders and leaders
Xianfeng Emperor Empress Dowager Cixi Zeng Guofan Sengge Rinchen Guanwen Li Hongzhang Zuo Zongtang Zhang Guoliang † He Chun Auguste Protet † Charles George Gordon	Hong Xiuquan Yang Xiuqing Xiao Chaogui † Feng Yunshan † Wei Changhui Shi Dakai † Li Xiucheng † Li Shixian † Chen Yucheng †
Strength
1,100,000+	500,000
Casualties and losses
145,000 killed	243,000 killed
Total dead: 20–30 million dead (best estimate). Highest estimate: 100,000,000

Qing victory

Later stages:
 France
 United Kingdom

The Taiping Rebellion or Taiping Civil War (simplified Chinese: 太平天国运动; traditional Chinese: 太平天國運動; pinyin: Taìpíng Tīanguó Yùndòng, literally "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement") was a massive rebellion or civil war in China that lasted from 1850 to 1864 fought between the established Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the millenarian movement of the Heavenly Kingdom of Peace. The Taiping Rebellion began in the southwestern province of Guangxi when local officials launched a campaign of persecution against a millenarian sect known as the God Worshipping Society led by Hong Xiuquan, who believed himself to be the younger brother of Jesus Christ. The war was mostly fought in the provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Hubei, but over 14 years of war, the Taiping Army had marched through every regularized province of China proper except Gansu. The war was the largest in China since the Qing conquest in 1644, and ranks as one of the bloodiest wars in human history, the bloodiest civil war, and the largest conflict of the nineteenth century with estimates of war dead ranging from 20 to 70 million, to as much as 100 million, as well as millions more displaced.

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