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Sun Yat-sen

Sun Yat-Sen
孫中山 / 孫逸仙
other names
孫中山.JPG
Provisional President of the Republic of China
In office
1 January 1912 – 10 March 1912
Vice President Li Yuanhong
Preceded by Puyi (Emperor of China)
Succeeded by Yuan Shikai
Premier of the Kuomintang of China
In office
10 October 1919 – 12 March 1925
Preceded by Himself (as Premier of Chinese Revolutionary Party)
Succeeded by Zhang Renjie (as chairman)
Personal details
Born (1866-11-12)12 November 1866
Xiangshan County, Guangdong, Great Qing
Died 12 March 1925(1925-03-12) (aged 58)
Beijing, Republic of China
Resting place Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Nanjing, Jiangsu
Nationality Chinese
Political party Kuomintang
Other political
affiliations
Chinese Revolutionary Party
Spouse(s) Lu Muzhen (1885–1915)
Kaoru Otsuki (1903–1906)
Soong Ching-ling (1915–1925)
Domestic partner Chen Cuifen (1892–1925)
Children Sun Fo
Sun Yan
Sun Wan
Fumiko Miyagawa (b. 1906)
Alma mater Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese
Occupation Physician
Politician
Revolutionary
Writer
Calligrapher
Religion Congregationalist
Signature
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese 孫逸仙
Simplified Chinese 孙逸仙
Alternative Chinese name
Traditional Chinese 孫中山
Simplified Chinese 孙中山

Sun Yat-sen (/ˈsʊn ˈjɑːtˈsɛn/; 12 November 1866 – 12 March 1925) was a Chinese physician, writer, philosopher, calligrapher and revolutionary, the first president and founding father of the Republic of China. As the foremost pioneer of the Republic of China, Sun is referred to as the "Father of the Nation" in the Republic of China (ROC), Hong Kong, Macau and the "forerunner of democratic revolution" in People's Republic of China (PRC). Sun played an instrumental role in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty during the years leading up to the Xinhai Revolution. He was appointed to serve as Provisional President of the Republic of China when it was founded in 1912. He later co-founded the Nationalist Party of China, serving as its first leader. Sun was a uniting figure in post-Imperial China, and he remains unique among 20th-century Chinese politicians for being widely revered amongst the people from both sides of the Taiwan Strait.

Although Sun is considered to be one of the greatest leaders of modern China, his political life was one of constant struggle and frequent exile. After the success of the revolution, he quickly resigned from his post as President of the newly founded Republic of China due to Beiyang Clique pressure, and led successive revolutionary governments as a challenge to the warlords who controlled much of the nation. Sun did not live to see his party consolidate its power over the country during the Northern Expedition. His party, which formed a fragile alliance with the Communists, split into two factions after his death.


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