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Suharto

Suharto
President Suharto, 1993.jpg
Suharto in 1993
2nd President of Indonesia
In office
27 March 1968 – 21 May 1998
Acting: 12 March 1967 – 27 March 1968
Vice President Hamengkubuwono IX
Adam Malik
Umar Wirahadikusumah
Sudharmono
Try Sutrisno
B. J. Habibie
Preceded by Sukarno
Succeeded by B. J. Habibie
16th Secretary General of Non-Aligned Movement
In office
7 September 1992 – 20 October 1995
Preceded by Dobrica Ćosić
Succeeded by Ernesto Samper Pizano
4th Indonesian Armed Forces Commander
In office
1969–1973
Preceded by Abdul Haris Nasution
Succeeded by Maraden Panggabean
8th Indonesian Army Chief of Staff
In office
1965–1967
Preceded by Pranoto Reksosamudro
Succeeded by Maraden Panggabean
14th Minister of Defence and Security of Indonesia
In office
March 1966 – September 1971
President Sukarno
Himself
Preceded by M. Sarbini
Succeeded by Maraden Panggabean
1st Armed Force and Strategic Reserve (KOSTRAD) Commander
In office
1961–1965
Preceded by Position created
Succeeded by Umar Wirahadikusumah
Personal details
Born (1921-06-08)8 June 1921
Kemusuk, Dutch East Indies
Died 27 January 2008(2008-01-27) (aged 86)
Jakarta, Indonesia
Nationality Indonesian
Political party Golkar
Spouse(s) Siti Hartinah (m. 1947–1996; her death)
Children Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana (Tutut)
Sigit Harjojudanto
Bambang Trihatmodjo
Siti Hediati Hariyadi (Titiek)
Hutomo Mandala Putra (Tommy)
Siti Hutami Endang Adiningsih
Religion Sunni Islam
Signature
Military service
Allegiance Indonesian National Armed Forces
Service/branch Lambang TNI AD.png Indonesian Army
Rank Jenderal besar pdh ad.png TNI Great General

Suharto (About this sound pronunciation ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was the second President of Indonesia, holding the office for 31 years from the ousting of Sukarno in 1967 until his resignation in 1998.

Suharto was born in a small village, Kemusuk, in the Godean area near the city of Yogyakarta, during the Dutch colonial era. He grew up in humble circumstances. His Javanese Muslim parents divorced not long after his birth, and he was passed between foster parents for much of his childhood. During the Japanese occupation of Indonesia, Suharto served in Japanese-organised Indonesian security forces. Indonesia's independence struggle saw his joining the newly formed Indonesian army. Suharto rose to the rank of Major General following Indonesian independence. An attempted coup on 30 September 1965 allegedly backed by the Indonesian Communist Party was countered by Suharto-led troops. The army subsequently led an anti-communist purge which the CIA described as "one of the worst mass murders of the 20th century" and Suharto wrested power from Indonesia's founding president, Sukarno. He was appointed acting president in 1967, replacing Indonesian founding father Sukarno, and elected President the following year. He then mounted a social campaign known as De-Soekarnoization in an effort to reduce the former President's influence. Support for Suharto's presidency was strong throughout the 1970s and 1980s. By the 1990s, the New Order's authoritarianism and widespread corruption were a source of discontent and, following a severe financial crisis, led to widespread unrest and his resignation in May 1998. Suharto died in 2008 and was given a state funeral.


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