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Stearic acid

Stearic acid
Skeletal formula of stearic acid
Ball-and-stick model of stearic acid
Stearic acid
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Octadecanoic acid
Other names
Stearic acid
C18:0 (Lipid numbers)
Identifiers
57-11-4 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChEMBL ChEMBL46403 N
ChemSpider 5091 N
DrugBank DB03193 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.285
EC Number 200-313-4
3377
PubChem 5281
RTECS number WI2800000
Properties
C18H36O2
Molar mass 284.48 g·mol−1
Appearance White solid
Odor Pungent, oily
Density 0.9408 g/cm3 (20 °C)
0.847 g/cm3 (70 °C)
Melting point 69.3 °C (156.7 °F; 342.4 K)
Boiling point 361 °C (682 °F; 634 K)
decomposes
232 °C (450 °F; 505 K)
at 15 mmHg
0.003 g/L (20 °C)
0.34 g/L (25 °C)
1 g/L (37 °C)
Solubility Soluble in alkyl acetates, alcohols, HCOOCH3, phenyls, CS2, CCl4
Solubility in dichloromethane 3.58 g/100 g (25 °C)
8.85 g/100 g (30 °C)
18.3 g/100 g (35 °C)
Solubility in ethanol 0.9 g/100 mL (10 °C)
2 g/100 mL (20 °C)
4.5 g/100 mL (30 °C)
13.8 g/100 mL (40 °C)
Solubility in acetone 4.96 g/100 g
Solubility in chloroform 18.4 g/100 g
Solubility in toluene 15.75 g/100 g
Vapor pressure 0.01 kPa (158 °C)
0.46 kPa (200 °C)
16.9 kPa (300 °C)
-220.8·10−6 cm3/mol
Thermal conductivity 0.173 W/m·K (70 °C)
0.166 W/m·K (100 °C)
1.4299 (80 °C)
Structure
B-form = Monoclinic
B-form = P21/a
B-form = Cs
2h
a = 5.591 Å, b = 7.404 Å, c = 49.38 Å (B-form)
α = 90°, β = 117.37°, γ = 90°
Thermochemistry
501.5 J/mol·K
435.6 J/mol·K
−947.7 kJ/mol
11290.79 kJ/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704
Flammability code 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g., canola oil Health code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g., turpentine Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point 113 °C (235 °F; 386 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
21.5 mg/kg (rats, intravenous)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Stearic acid (/ˈstɪərɪk/ STEER-ik, /ˈstɪ.æ.rɪk/ stee-ARR-ik) is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain and has the IUPAC name octadecanoic acid. It is a waxy solid and its chemical formula is C17H35CO2H. Its name comes from the Greek word στέαρ "stéar", which means tallow. The salts and esters of stearic acid are called stearates. As its ester, stearic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in nature following palmitic acid. The triglyceride derived from three molecules of stearic acid is called stearin.

Stearic acid is obtained from fats and oils by the saponification of the triglycerides using hot water (above 200 °C). The resulting mixture is then distilled. Commercial stearic acid is often a mixture of stearic and palmitic acids, although purified stearic acid is available.


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