Sodium hypochlorite

Sodium hypochlorite

Names
IUPAC name Sodium hypochlorite
Other names Antiformin Bleach Chloride of soda In dilution: Carrel-Dakin solution Modified Dakin's solution Surgical chlorinated soda solution
Identifiers
CAS Number	7681-52-9 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:32146 N
ChemSpider	22756 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.790
EC Number	231-668-3
KEGG	D01711 Y
PubChem	23665760
RTECS number	NH3486300
UNII	DY38VHM5OD Y
UN number	1791
InChI InChI=1S/ClO.Na/c1-2;/q-1;+1 Y Key: SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/ClO.Na/c1-2;/q-1;+1 Key: SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYAD
SMILES [Na+].[O-]Cl
Properties
Chemical formula	NaClO
Molar mass	74.442 g/mol
Appearance	greenish-yellow solid (pentahydrate)
Odor	chlorine-like and sweetish
Density	1.11 g/cm3
Melting point	18 °C (64 °F; 291 K) pentahydrate
Boiling point	101 °C (214 °F; 374 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	29.3 g/100mL (0 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	>7
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfHo298)	-347.1 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	D08AX07 (WHO)
Hazards
Safety data sheet	ICSC 1119 (solution, >10% active chlorine) ICSC 0482 (solution, <10% active chlorine)
EU classification (DSD)	Corrosive (C) Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases	R31, R34, R50
S-phrases	(S1/2), S28, S45, S50, S61
NFPA 704	0 2 1 OX
Related compounds
Other anions	Sodium chloride Sodium chlorite Sodium chlorate Sodium perchlorate
Other cations	Lithium hypochlorite Calcium hypochlorite
Related compounds	Hypochlorous acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical compound with the formula NaClO. It is composed of a sodium cation (Na+
) and a hypochlorite anion (ClO−
); it may also be viewed as the sodium salt of hypochlorous acid. When dissolved in water it is commonly known as bleach or liquid bleach. Sodium hypochlorite is practically and chemically distinct from chlorine. Sodium hypochlorite is frequently used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent.

Household bleach is, in general, a solution containing 3–8% sodium hypochlorite and 0.01–0.05% sodium hydroxide; the sodium hydroxide is used to slow the decomposition of sodium hypochlorite into sodium chloride and sodium chlorate.

Sodium hypochlorite has destaining properties. Among other applications, it can be used to remove mold stains, dental stains caused by fluorosis, and stains on crockery, especially those caused by the tannins in tea. It has also been used in laundry detergents.

Sodium hypochlorite in solution exhibits broad spectrum anti-microbial activity and is widely used in healthcare facilities in a variety of settings. It is usually diluted in water depending on its intended use.