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Skara Brae

Skara Brae
Skara Brae 12.jpg
Skara Brae, looking north
Skara Brae is located in Orkney Islands
Skara Brae
Shown within Orkney Islands
Location Mainland, Orkney, Scotland
Coordinates 59°02′55″N 3°20′35″W / 59.048611°N 3.343056°W / 59.048611; -3.343056
Type Neolithic settlement
History
Periods Neolithic
Site notes
Ownership Historic Scotland
Public access Yes
Type Cultural
Criteria i, ii, iii, iv
Designated 1999 (23rd session)
Part of Heart of Neolithic Orkney
Reference no. 514
State Party Scotland
Region Europe and North America

Skara Brae /ˈskærə ˈbr/ is a stone-built Neolithic settlement, located on the Bay of Skaill on the west coast of Mainland, the largest island in the Orkney archipelago of Scotland. Consisting of eight clustered houses, it was occupied from roughly 3180 BC to about 2500 BC. Europe's most complete Neolithic village, Skara Brae gained UNESCO World Heritage Site status as one of four sites making up "The Heart of Neolithic Orkney". Older than Stonehenge and the Great Pyramids, it has been called the "Scottish Pompeii" because of its excellent preservation.

In the winter of 1850, a severe storm hit Scotland, causing widespread damage and over 200 deaths. In the Bay of Skaill, the storm stripped the earth from a large irregular knoll known as "Skerrabra". When the storm cleared, local villagers found the outline of a village, consisting of a number of small houses without roofs. William Watt of Skaill, the local laird, began an amateur excavation of the site, but after four houses were uncovered, the work was abandoned in 1868. The site remained undisturbed until 1913, when during a single weekend the site was plundered by a party with shovels who took away an unknown quantity of artefacts. In 1924, another storm swept away part of one of the houses and it was determined the site should be made secure and more seriously investigated. The job was given to University of Edinburgh's Professor Vere Gordon Childe who travelled to Skara Brae for the first time in mid-1927.


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