Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool
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The Right Honourable The Earl of Liverpool KG PC FRS |
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| Prime Minister of the United Kingdom | |
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In office 8 June 1812 – 9 April 1827 |
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| Monarch |
George III George IV |
| Regent | Prince George |
| Preceded by | Spencer Perceval |
| Succeeded by | George Canning |
| Secretary of State for War and the Colonies | |
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In office 1 November 1809 – 11 June 1812 |
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| Prime Minister | Spencer Perceval |
| Preceded by | Viscount Castlereagh |
| Succeeded by | The Earl Bathurst |
| Leader of the House of Lords | |
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In office 25 March 1807 – 9 April 1827 |
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| Prime Minister |
The Duke of Portland Spencer Perceval |
| Preceded by | The Lord Grenville |
| Succeeded by | The Viscount Goderich |
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In office 17 August 1803 – 5 February 1806 |
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| Prime Minister |
Henry Addington William Pitt the Younger |
| Preceded by | The Lord Pelham |
| Succeeded by | The Lord Grenville |
| Home Secretary | |
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In office 25 March 1807 – 1 November 1809 |
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| Prime Minister | The Duke of Portland |
| Preceded by | The Earl Spencer |
| Succeeded by | Richard Ryder |
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In office 12 May 1804 – 5 February 1806 |
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| Prime Minister | William Pitt the Younger |
| Preceded by | Charles Philip Yorke |
| Succeeded by | The Earl Spencer |
| Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs | |
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In office 20 February 1801 – 14 May 1804 |
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| Prime Minister | Henry Addington |
| Preceded by | The Lord Greenville |
| Succeeded by | The Lord Harrowby |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
7 June 1770 London |
| Died | 4 December 1828 (aged 58) Kingston upon Thames, Surrey |
| Political party | Tory |
| Spouse(s) |
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| Alma mater | Christ Church, Oxford |
| Religion | Church of England |
| Signature |  |
Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, KG, PC, FRS (7 June 1770 – 4 December 1828) was an English politician and both the youngest and longest-serving Prime Minister (1812–27) since 1806. As Prime Minister, Liverpool called for repressive measures at domestic level to maintain order after the riots of 1819. He dealt smoothly with the Prince Regent when King George III was incapacitated. He also steered the country through the period of radicalism and unrest that followed the Napoleonic Wars. He favoured commercial and manufacturing interests as well as the landed interest. He sought a compromise of the heated issue of Catholic emancipation. The revival of the economy strengthened his political position. By the 1820s he was the leader of a reform faction of "Liberal Tories" who lowered the tariff, abolished the death penalty for many offences, and reformed the criminal law. By the time of his death in office, however, the Tory Party was ripping itself apart. John Derry says he was:
Important events during his tenure as Prime Minister included the War of 1812 with the United States, the Sixth and Seventh Coalitions against the French Empire, the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars at the Congress of Vienna, the Corn Laws, the Peterloo Massacre, the Trinitarian Act 1812 and the emerging issue of Catholic emancipation.
Jenkinson was baptised on 29 June 1770 at St. Margaret's, Westminster, the son of George III's close adviser Charles Jenkinson, later the first Earl of Liverpool, and his first wife, Amelia Watts. Jenkinson's 19-year-old mother, who was the daughter of a senior East India Company official William Watts, died from the effects of childbirth one month after his birth.
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