Pregabalin

Pregabalin

Clinical data
Pronunciation	/priˈɡæbəlᵻn/
Trade names	Lyrica, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a605045
License data	EU EMA: Pregabalin US FDA: Pregabalin
Pregnancy category	AU: B3 US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Dependence liability	Physical: Moderate Psychological: Moderate
Addiction liability	Low
Routes of administration	By mouth
ATC code	N03AX16 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only) CA: ℞-only UK: POM (Prescription only) US: Schedule V ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	High (≥90% rapidly absorbed; administration with food has no significant effect on bioavailability)
Protein binding	Nil
Metabolites	N-methylpregabalin
Onset of action	may occur within a week (pain)
Biological half-life	6.3 to 11.5 hours
Duration of action	Unknown
Excretion	Kidney
Identifiers
IUPAC name (3S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid
Synonyms	3-isobutyl GABA
CAS Number	148553-50-8 Y
PubChem (CID)	5486971
DrugBank	DB00230 Y
ChemSpider	4589156 Y
UNII	55JG375S6M Y
KEGG	D02716 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:64356 N
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1059 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.119.513
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C8H17NO2
Molar mass	159.23 g.mol−1
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C(O)C[C@H](CC(C)C)CN
InChI InChI=1S/C8H17NO2/c1-6(2)3-7(5-9)4-8(10)11/h6-7H,3-5,9H2,1-2H3,(H,10,11)/t7-/m0/s1 Y Key:AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-ZETCQYMHSA-N Y
NY (what is this?)

External video

“Richard B. Silverman, Basic Science to Blockbuster Drug”, National Academy of Inventors

Pregabalin, marketed under the brand name Lyrica among others, is a medication used to treat epilepsy, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and generalized anxiety disorder. Its use for epilepsy is as an add-on therapy for partial seizures with or without secondary generalization in adults. Some off-label uses of pregabalin include restless leg syndrome, prevention of migraines,social anxiety disorder, and alcohol withdrawal. When used before surgery it does not appear to affect pain after surgery but may decrease the use of opioids.

Common side effects include: sleepiness, confusion, trouble with memory, poor motor coordination, dry mouth, problem with vision, and weight gain. Potentially serious side effects include angioedema, drug misuse, and an increased suicide risk. When pregabalin is taken at high doses over a long period of time, addiction may occur, but if taken at usual doses the risk of addiction is low. It is classified as a GABA analogue.

Parke-Davis developed pregabalin as a successor to gabapentin and was brought to market by Pfizer after the company acquired Warner-Lambert. There is to be no generic version available in the United States until 2018. A generic version is available in Canada and the United Kingdom. In the US it costs about 300-400 USD per month. Pregabalin is a Schedule V controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 (CSA).