Odessa

Odessa (Одесса)
Odesa (Одеса)

Counterclockwise: monument to Duke de Richelieu, Vorontsov Lighthouse, city garden, Opera and Ballet Theatre, Potemkin Stairs, Square de Richelieu

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Odessa (Одесса)
Odesa (Одеса)

Location in Ukraine

Coordinates: 46°29′8.6″N 30°44′36.4″E / 46.485722°N 30.743444°ECoordinates: 46°29′8.6″N 30°44′36.4″E / 46.485722°N 30.743444°E

Country

Ukraine

Oblast

Odessa Oblast

Municipality

Odessa Municipality

Port founded

2 September 1794

Government

• Mayor

Gennady Trukhanov

Area

• Total

236.9 km² (91.5 sq mi)

Elevation

40 m (130 ft)

Highest elevation

65 m (213 ft)

Lowest elevation

−4.2 m (−13.8 ft)

Population (2015)

• Total

1,016,515

• Density

4,300/km² (11,000/sq mi)

Demonym(s)

English:
Ukrainian: одесит, одеситка
Russian: одессит, одесситка

Time zone

EET (UTC+3)

• Summer (DST)

EEST (UTC+2)

Postal code

65000–65480

Area code(s)

+380 48

Website

www.omr.gov.ua/en/

¹ Metropolitan area population as of 2001.

Odessa or Odesa (Ukrainian: Оде́са, [oˈdɛsɐ]; Russian: Оде́сса; IPA: [ɐˈdʲesə]) is the third most populous city of Ukraine and a major seaport and transportation hub located on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea. Odessa is also an administrative center of the Odessa Oblast and a multiethnic cultural center. Odessa is sometimes called the "pearl of the Black Sea," the "South Capital" (under the Russian Empire and Soviet Union), and "Southern Palmyra".

The predecessor of Odessa, a small Tatar settlement, was founded by Hacı I Giray, the Khan of Crimea, in 1440 and originally named after him as "Hacıbey". After a period of Lithuanian control, it passed into the domain of the Ottoman Sultan in 1529 and remained in Ottoman hands until the Ottoman Empire's defeat in the Russo-Turkish War of 1792.

In 1794, the city of Odessa was founded by a decree of the Empress Catherine the Great. From 1819 to 1858, Odessa was a free port. During the Soviet period it was the most important port of trade in the Soviet Union and a Soviet naval base. On 1 January 2000, the Quarantine Pier at Odessa Commercial Sea Port was declared a free port and free economic zone for a period of 25 years.

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