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Odesa

Odessa (Одесса)
Odesa (Одеса)
Counterclockwise: monument to Duke de Richelieu, Vorontsov Lighthouse, city garden, Opera and Ballet Theatre, Potemkin Stairs, Square de Richelieu
Counterclockwise: monument to Duke de Richelieu, Vorontsov Lighthouse, city garden, Opera and Ballet Theatre, Potemkin Stairs, Square de Richelieu
Flag of Odessa (Одесса)Odesa (Одеса)
Flag
Coat of arms of Odessa (Одесса)Odesa (Одеса)
Coat of arms
Official logo of Odessa (Одесса)Odesa (Одеса)
Logo
Odessa (Одесса)Odesa (Одеса) is located in Ukraine
Odessa (Одесса)Odesa (Одеса)
Odessa (Одесса)
Odesa (Одеса)
Location in Ukraine
Coordinates: 46°29′8.6″N 30°44′36.4″E / 46.485722°N 30.743444°E / 46.485722; 30.743444Coordinates: 46°29′8.6″N 30°44′36.4″E / 46.485722°N 30.743444°E / 46.485722; 30.743444
Country  Ukraine
Oblast Odessa Oblast
Municipality Odessa Municipality
Port founded 2 September 1794
Government
 • Mayor Gennady Trukhanov
Area
 • Total 236.9 km2 (91.5 sq mi)
Elevation 40 m (130 ft)
Highest elevation 65 m (213 ft)
Lowest elevation −4.2 m (−13.8 ft)
Population (2015)
 • Total 1,016,515
 • Density 4,300/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
Demonym(s) English:
Ukrainian: одесит, одеситка
Russian: одессит, одесситка
Time zone EET (UTC+3)
 • Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 65000–65480
Area code(s) +380 48
Website www.omr.gov.ua/en/
1 Metropolitan area population as of 2001.

Odessa or Odesa (Ukrainian: Оде́са, [oˈdɛsɐ]; Russian: Оде́сса; IPA: [ɐˈdʲesə]) is the third most populous city of Ukraine and a major seaport and transportation hub located on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea. Odessa is also an administrative center of the Odessa Oblast and a multiethnic cultural center. Odessa is sometimes called the "pearl of the Black Sea," the "South Capital" (under the Russian Empire and Soviet Union), and "Southern Palmyra".

The predecessor of Odessa, a small Tatar settlement, was founded by Hacı I Giray, the Khan of Crimea, in 1440 and originally named after him as "Hacıbey". After a period of Lithuanian control, it passed into the domain of the Ottoman Sultan in 1529 and remained in Ottoman hands until the Ottoman Empire's defeat in the Russo-Turkish War of 1792.

In 1794, the city of Odessa was founded by a decree of the Empress Catherine the Great. From 1819 to 1858, Odessa was a free port. During the Soviet period it was the most important port of trade in the Soviet Union and a Soviet naval base. On 1 January 2000, the Quarantine Pier at Odessa Commercial Sea Port was declared a free port and free economic zone for a period of 25 years.


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