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Norilsk

Norilsk (English)
Норильск (Russian)
-  City  -
Firsthouse.jpg
The first house built in Norilsk, in 1921
Map of Russia - Krasnoyarsk Krai (2008-03).svg
Location of Krasnoyarsk Krai in Russia
Norilsk is located in Krasnoyarsk Krai
Norilsk
Norilsk
Location of Norilsk in Krasnoyarsk Krai
Coordinates: 69°20′N 88°13′E / 69.333°N 88.217°E / 69.333; 88.217Coordinates: 69°20′N 88°13′E / 69.333°N 88.217°E / 69.333; 88.217
Coat of Arms of Norilsk (Krasnoyarsk kray).png
Flag of Norilsk (Krasnoyarsk kray).png
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status (as of January 2014)
Country Russia
Federal subject Krasnoyarsk Krai
Administratively subordinated to krai city of Norilsk
Administrative center of krai city of Norilsk
Municipal status (as of December 2004)
Urban okrug Norilsk Urban Okrug
Administrative center of Norilsk Urban Okrug
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 175,365 inhabitants
Rank in 2010 102nd
Time zone KRAT (UTC+07:00)
Founded 1935
City status since 1953
Postal code(s) 663300-663341
Dialing code(s) +7 3919
(Russian) Official website
on

Norilsk (Russian: Норильск; IPA: [nɐˈrʲilʲsk]) is an industrial city in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located above the Arctic Circle, east of the Yenisei River and south of the western Taymyr Peninsula. It has a permanent population of 175,000. With temporary inhabitants included, its population reaches 220,000.

Norilsk was closed in November 2001 to all non-Russians, except for Belarusians.

It is the world's northernmost city with more than 100,000 inhabitants and the second largest city (after Murmansk) inside the Arctic Circle. Norilsk, Yakutsk, and Vorkuta are the only large cities in the continuous permafrost zone.

Norilsk was founded at the end of the 1920s, but the official date of founding is traditionally 1935, when Norilsk was expanded as a settlement for the Norilsk mining-metallurgic complex and became the center of the Norillag system of GULAG labor camps. It was granted urban-type settlement status in 1939 and town status in 1953.

Norilsk is located between the West Siberian Plain and Central Siberian Plateau at the foot of the 1,700-meter (5,600 ft) high Putoran Mountains, on some of the largest nickel deposits on Earth. Consequently, mining and smelting ore are the major industries. Norilsk is the center of a region where nickel, copper, cobalt, platinum, palladium and coal are mined. Mineral deposits in the Siberian Craton had been known for two centuries before Norilsk was founded, but mining began only in 1939, when the buried portions of the Norilsk-Talnakh intrusions were found beneath mountainous terrain.


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