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Mani (prophet)

Prophet
Mani
(Persian: مانی‎‎)
Mani.jpg
Prophet
Born 216 CE
Ctesiphon, Parthian Babylonia (modern-day Iraq)
Died 2 March 274 CE
Gundeshapur, Sassanid Empire (modern-day Iran)
Known for Founder of Manichaeism
Parent(s) Pātik
Mariam

Mani (in Middle Persian Māni, New Persian: مانی Māni, Kurdish: Manî, Syriac Mānī, Greek Μάνης, Latin Manes; also Μανιχαίος, Latin Manichaeus, from Syriac ܡܐܢܝ ܚܝܐ Mānī ḥayyā "Living Mani", c. 216–274 CE), of Iranian origin, was the prophet and the founder of Manichaeism, a gnostic religion of Late Antiquity which was once widespread but is now extinct. Mani was born in or near Seleucia-Ctesiphon in Parthian Babylonia, at the time still part of the Parthian Empire. Six of his major works were written in Syriac Aramaic, and the seventh, dedicated to the Sassanid shahanshah, Shapur I, was written in Middle Persian. He died in Gundeshapur, under the Sassanid Empire.

In 1969 in Upper Egypt a Greek parchment codex dating to ca. 400 CE was discovered. It is now designated Codex Manichaicus Coloniensis because it is conserved at the University of Cologne. Combining a hagiographic account of Mani's career and spiritual development with information about Mani's religious teachings, and contains fragments of his writings, it is now considered the most reliable source of information about the historical Mani.


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