Loss of Strength Gradient

The Loss of Strength Gradient (LSG) is a military concept devised by Kenneth E. Boulding in his 1962 book Conflict and Defense: A General Theory. He argued that the amount of a nation's military power that could be brought to bear in any part of the world depended on geographic distance. The Loss of Strength Gradient demonstrated graphically that, the farther away the target of aggression, the less strength could be made available. It also showed how this loss of strength could be ameliorated by forward positions.

Boulding also argued that the Loss of Strength Gradient was becoming less relevant in modern society due to easier transportation and the rise of strategic air and missile power. He claimed that a 20th-century "military revolution" allowed for a "substantial diminution in the cost of transportation of organized violence of all kinds, especially of organized armed forces", as well as "an enormous increase in the range of the deadly projectile". On the other hand, other scholars contend that the Loss of Strength Gradient continues to be relevant, and that, if there has been a reduction in the concept's significance, this was only temporary, because transportation is not becoming permanently easy nor is air power permanently replacing the need for forward deployed ground forces.

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